Birthing a child into the world should be a moment of joy and hope, not risk and uncertainty. Yet, for millions of women, especially in low-income and developing regions, childbirth remains a life-threatening experience. The global statistics reveal that preventable complications during pregnancy and childbirth remain a significant cause of newborn deaths and maternal mortality, especially in developing nations. This stark disparity underscores the urgent need to prioritise and improve access to quality healthcare for expectant mothers and their babies worldwide.

This blog explores the critical factors that contribute to safe births, the leading causes of maternal and neonatal deaths, and practical measures that can dramatically improve outcomes for mothers and babies worldwide.

Importance of Pre-Natal and Post-Natal Care

Safe births are not just about home births, but rather the overall environment and care surrounding the birth process. While home births may seem like a more natural option, the leading causes of newborn deaths and maternal mortality are often preventable with proper care and medical facilities.

Despite significant progress made by developed countries in reducing maternal and child mortality rates, the situation remains a pressing challenge in developing countries. Africa and South Asia account for 86% of maternal deaths globally, highlighting the gap in healthcare access between these regions and high-income countries. A woman in a low-income country is 50 times more likely to die from pregnancy-related complications than her counterpart in a high-income country. Only 60% of women in these regions receive adequate prenatal care, and this often results in devastating consequences for both mother and child.

Leading Causes of Maternal and Neonatal Deaths

The primary causes of neonatal deaths include:

• Premature birth
• Birth complications
• Infections
• Genetic defects

More than half of these deaths can be attributed to a lack of basic medical facilities and trained healthcare professionals. Without proper postnatal care, the risk of complications and infant mortality rises significantly. For mothers, malnutrition is another significant factor, leading to low birth weight and premature births, which in turn increases the risk of neonatal complications.

What Can Be Done?

Regular Check-ups and Prenatal Care

Mothers-to-be should visit their doctors regularly, at least once a month, to monitor both maternal and fetal health. Regular check-ups help in early detection of complications, such as gestational diabetes, preeclampsia, or fetal distress, which can be managed effectively with timely interventions.

Proper Nutrition

Educating mothers about proper nutrition is vital. Eating the right amount of leafy greens, fruits, vegetables, and grains ensures that both the mother and the baby get essential nutrients. A well-balanced diet improves the chances of a healthier pregnancy and birth outcome.

Awareness of Danger Signs

Mothers should be informed about the common danger signs during pregnancy, including excessive swelling, severe headaches, or bleeding, and should seek medical attention immediately if any of these occur. Understanding physical and mental changes during pregnancy, and knowing what to expect each month, can help ensure that potential problems are addressed quickly.

Births in Hospitals

Hospital births under expert supervision are much safer. Obstetricians, nurses, and medical equipment in hospitals can provide immediate care in case of any complications. Cesarean sections should not be performed unnecessarily due to fear of pain. Both epidural anesthesia and non-invasive pain relief methods are available to manage discomfort during labor, ensuring safe delivery while minimizing risks to both mother and child.

Improve Personal Hygiene

Infections are a leading cause of complications during pregnancy and childbirth. By maintaining proper personal hygiene, cleanliness, and sterile environments, we can significantly reduce the risk of infection.

Postpartum Care and Support

Postnatal care is just as important as prenatal care. Mothers and newborns should receive at least three postnatal check-ups within the first six weeks after birth to monitor their health and well-being. Postpartum hemorrhage, infections, and mental health issues such as postpartum depression should be carefully addressed.

Breastfeeding plays a crucial role in the health of the newborn. It should be exclusively practiced for the first six months, with complementary nutritious foods introduced afterward. Breastfeeding provides essential nutrients and antibodies to the baby and supports emotional bonding. It's vital to avoid foods containing artificial colors or sweeteners that may harm both mother and baby.

Experience a Safe Birthing at Amrita Hospital, Kochi

Safe births are a fundamental right and not a privilege. From prenatal check-ups and nutrition to hospital deliveries and postpartum support, each step plays a crucial role in reducing maternal and neonatal mortality. Strengthening healthcare systems, spreading awareness, and ensuring that every woman receives timely and adequate care is a moral imperative, more than just a medical need.

Amrita Hospital, Kochi, stands by every mother, offering expert-led prenatal, delivery, and postnatal care to meet your needs. Book your consultation today and take the first step toward a safe, supported, and healthy birth experience.