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<p>Weight gain is a persistent issue for many women, often influenced by lifestyle factors such as sleep patterns, eating habits, and exercise routines. Understanding the root causes and implementing effective remedies can empower women to take charge of their health.</p><h3>&nbsp;1. Sleep Deprivation and Hormonal Imbalance</h3><p><br>Late-night habits, common in the modern generation, often lead to elevated cortisol levels, which contribute to fatigue and weight gain. Additionally, eating late dinners and skipping breakfast disrupt the body's natural rhythms, further exacerbating the problem.</p><ul><li>Ensure 6-8 hours of sleep daily.</li><li>Incorporate an hour of meditation into your routine to combat sleep deprivation and boost energy levels.</li></ul><h3><br>2. Misconceptions About Exercise</h3><p><br>Many women believe housework suffices as exercise or that being underweight exempts them from the need to work out. Additionally, some think exercise causes joint problems, which keeps them from adopting healthy routines.</p><p><br>Exercise is essential regardless of weight or household activity. Lack of physical activity increases weight over time, making it harder to lose.</p><ul><li>Follow a structured workout plan: warm-up, stretching, aerobic and anaerobic exercises, toning, balance training, cool-down, and final stretching.</li><li>Seek guidance from a gym instructor or physiotherapist for a safe and effective exercise routine.</li><li>Encourage and share the benefits of daily exercise with others.</li><li>During menstruation, women who feel comfortable exercising can benefit from stress relief and enhanced energy levels.</li></ul><h3><br>3. Eating Habits</h3><p><br>What and how we eat significantly affects our health. Overeating, skipping meals, or relying on junk food disrupts the body's balance.</p><ul><li>Avoid fast food and opt for healthy, home-cooked meals in appropriate portions.</li><li>Cook only as much as needed to avoid overeating and food wastage.</li><li><p>Eat smaller meals every 2-3 hours to keep your metabolism active. Start your day with breakfast within an hour of waking up.</p><p>&nbsp;Consult with an <a href="https://www.amritahospitals.org/kochi/doctor/usha-menon">endocrinology &amp; diabetes</a> specialist for more detailed treatment and management tips.<br>&nbsp;</p><h3>&nbsp;4. Pregnancy and Overeating&nbsp;</h3><p>Pregnancy often brings misconceptions about food, such as "eating for two." Overeating during this phase can result in postpartum weight gain.&nbsp;</p></li><li>Focus on a balanced diet tailored to the body's actual needs rather than excess food consumption.&nbsp;</li><li><p>A healthy diet benefits both mother and baby without leading to unnecessary weight gain.&nbsp;</p><h3>5. Avoid Long Breaks Between Meals&nbsp;</h3><p>Busy schedules often lead women to skip breakfast or delay meals, slowing metabolism and leading to weight gain.&nbsp;</p></li><li>Eat small, frequent meals every 2-3 hours to keep your metabolism on track.&nbsp;</li></ul><ol><li><p>Prioritize breakfast to start the day energized.</p><h3>&nbsp;6. Postmenopausal Weight Gain&nbsp;</h3><p>During menopause, reduced estrogen levels slow metabolic activity, causing the body to store more sugar and starch as fat.&nbsp;</p></li></ol><ul><li>Focus on consistent exercise to maintain metabolic activity.&nbsp;</li><li><p>Pay extra attention to dietary habits and weight control during this phase.&nbsp;</p><p>&nbsp;Read &amp; Learn more about Diabetes at -<a href="https://www.amritahospitals.org/kochi/blog/diabetes"> Diabetes: Types, Symptoms, and Management</a>&nbsp;</p><p>Weight gain is often the result of controllable lifestyle habits rather than an unavoidable outcome. By identifying the causes and adopting effective solutions, women can manage their weight, respect their bodies, and lead healthier lives. At Amrita Hospital, Kochi we have a dedicated department of <a href="https://www.amritahospitals.org/kochi/department/centres-excellences/diabetes-endocrinology-diabetic-footcare">Diabetology &amp; Endocrinology</a> to help you with consultation and treatment. Understanding and addressing these factors is not just about physical health - it's about embracing a balanced and empowered approach to life.&nbsp;</p></li></ul>

Causes and Remedies for Weight Gain in Women

 Breast Self-Awareness: How To Do a Breast Self-Exam 

Robotic Surgery in Gynaecology: The Future of Women’s Health

Minimally Invasive Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting: A Game Changer in Heart Surgery

Doctors Talk

Knowledge Hub

<p dir="ltr">Prostate cancer is one of the most common cancers affecting men worldwide. Early detection through proper screening can improve outcomes and reduce complications. However, screening should be approached with careful consideration of both benefits and risks.</p><h2 dir="ltr">Symptoms of Prostate Cancer</h2><p dir="ltr"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prostate_cancer">Prostate cancer</a> often shows no symptoms in its early stages. As the disease progresses, the following symptoms may appear:</p><p dir="ltr">• Frequent urination, especially at night</p><p dir="ltr">• Feeling of incomplete urination</p><p dir="ltr">• Pain or burning during urination</p><p dir="ltr">• Decreased urine output</p><p dir="ltr">• Persistent pain in the hips, back, or pelvis</p><p dir="ltr">These symptoms are not exclusive to prostate cancer and may be caused by other conditions such as benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) or prostatitis (inflammation of the prostate). If you experience any of these symptoms, consult a healthcare provider for further evaluation.</p><h2 dir="ltr">How is Prostate Cancer Screening Done?</h2><p dir="ltr">The primary screening tool for prostate cancer is the PSA test (Prostate-Specific Antigen test). This simple blood test measures PSA levels, which can be elevated due to:</p><p dir="ltr">• Prostate cancer</p><p dir="ltr">• Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) (enlargement of the prostate)</p><p dir="ltr">• Prostatitis (prostate inflammation or infection)</p><p dir="ltr">Since an elevated PSA level does not always mean cancer, additional tests such as MRI, a prostate biopsy may be recommended before confirming a diagnosis.</p><p dir="ltr">While PSA screening can reduce prostate cancer-related deaths, it also has risks, including false positives (leading to unnecessary biopsies) and overdiagnosis (detecting slow-growing cancers that may never cause harm).</p><h2 dir="ltr">Screening Recommendations</h2><p dir="ltr">Screening guidelines vary based on age and risk factors:</p><h3 dir="ltr">1. Average Risk:</h3><p dir="ltr">• Men with no family history of prostate cancer should start discussing PSA screening with their doctor at age 50.</p><h3 dir="ltr">2. High Risk:</h3><p dir="ltr">• Men at higher risk (e.g., those with a first-degree relative diagnosed with prostate cancer before age 65, or African American men) should consider screening at age 45.</p><h3 dir="ltr">3. Age 55-69:</h3><p dir="ltr">• The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) and major medical organizations recommend shared decision-making for men in this age group. This means discussing the risks and benefits of PSA screening with a doctor before deciding whether to proceed.</p><h3 dir="ltr">4. Age 70 and Older:</h3><p dir="ltr">• Routine PSA screening is not recommended unless there are specific medical reasons, as the risks of screening may outweigh the benefits in older adults.</p><h2 dir="ltr">Key Considerations for PSA Screening</h2><h3 dir="ltr">Pros:</h3><p dir="ltr">• &nbsp;Early detection can improve treatment outcomes.</p><p dir="ltr">• &nbsp;Screening may reduce prostate cancer mortality.</p><p dir="ltr">• &nbsp;Advanced diagnostic tools (MRI fusion biopsy, biomarker tests) help refine risk assessment.</p><h3 dir="ltr">Cons:</h3><p dir="ltr">• &nbsp;False positives can cause unnecessary anxiety and lead to unneeded biopsies.</p><p dir="ltr">• &nbsp;Overdiagnosis may result in overtreatment, which can lead to side effects such as:</p><p dir="ltr">• Erectile dysfunction</p><p dir="ltr">• Urinary incontinence</p><p dir="ltr">• Bowel issues&nbsp;</p><p dir="ltr">Since not all prostate cancers are aggressive, some men may opt for active surveillance instead of immediate treatment if diagnosed with low-risk prostate cancer.</p><h2 dir="ltr">What Happens if PSA Levels are High?</h2><p dir="ltr">If your PSA level is elevated, your doctor may recommend:</p><p dir="ltr">1. Repeating the PSA test after a short period to rule out temporary fluctuations.</p><p dir="ltr">2. Prostate MRI to look for suspicious areas before proceeding with a biopsy.</p><p dir="ltr">3. A prostate biopsy, which is the only way to confirm prostate cancer.</p><p dir="ltr">Not all men with an elevated PSA need a biopsy immediately—advanced imaging and biomarker tests can help reduce unnecessary biopsies.</p><h2 dir="ltr">Treatment Options for Prostate Cancer</h2><p dir="ltr">If diagnosed, treatment options depend on the stage and aggressiveness of the cancer:</p><p dir="ltr">• Active Surveillance: For slow-growing, low-risk prostate cancer, regular monitoring may be an option instead of immediate treatment.</p><p dir="ltr">• Surgery (Radical Prostatectomy): Involves removing the prostate gland, often recommended for localized but aggressive cancer.</p><p dir="ltr">• Radiation Therapy: Used for localized cancer, sometimes combined with hormone therapy.</p><p dir="ltr">• Hormone Therapy: Helps slow cancer growth by reducing testosterone levels.</p><p dir="ltr">• Chemotherapy &amp; Targeted Therapy: Used for advanced or metastatic prostate cancer.</p><p dir="ltr">&nbsp;</p><p dir="ltr">The choice of treatment should be based on discussions with a urologist and oncologist, considering factors such as age, overall health, and cancer stage. At Amrita Hospital, we have a specialized <a href="https://www.amritahospitals.org/kochi/department/speciality-departments/uro-oncology">Uro Oncology department</a> for prostate cancer treatment and care.</p><p dir="ltr">PSA screening is an important tool for detecting prostate cancer early, but it is not without risks. Talk to your doctor about your personal risk factors and the pros and cons of screening before making a decision.</p><p dir="ltr">By staying informed and proactive about your health, you can take the right steps toward early detection and better outcomes.</p>

Prostate Cancer: Symptoms, Screening, and Key Considerations

<p dir="ltr">Cancer treatment has come a long way, evolving from traditional therapies to the latest innovations that offer a new ray of hope for those who have been diagnosed. With groundbreaking advancements in immunotherapy, targeted treatments, and precision medicine, patients today have access to more effective and personalized care than ever before.</p><p dir="ltr">In this blog, we explore the latest developments in cancer treatment, shedding light on how science is transforming lives and shaping the future of oncology. Stay with us as we uncover the breakthroughs bringing us closer to a world where cancer is not just treatable—but beatable.</p><h2 dir="ltr"><strong>Recent advances in Medical Oncology</strong></h2><h3 dir="ltr"><strong>1. Immunotherapy:&nbsp;</strong></h3><p dir="ltr">This approach harnesses the body's immune system to recognize and destroy cancer cells.</p><p dir="ltr">Checkpoint inhibitors, a type of immunotherapy, have shown remarkable success in treating various cancers, including melanoma, lung cancer, and kidney cancer. CAR T-cell therapy, another form of immunotherapy, involves genetically modifying a patient's immune cells to target and attack cancer cells with enhanced efficiency</p><p dir="ltr">&nbsp; <strong>Checkpoint inhibitors</strong>: These help the immune system recognize and attack cancer cells. Drugs like pembrolizumab (Keytruda) and nivolumab (Opdivo) have been approved for various cancers.</p><p dir="ltr">&nbsp; <strong>CAR T-cell therapy</strong>: T-cells are modified to better target cancer cells and then reintroduced into the patient. This has shown remarkable success in treating blood cancers like leukemia and lymphoma.</p><ol><li dir="ltr"><strong>Targeted therapy:</strong> This treatment targets specific molecules or genes involved in cancer cell growth and survival. By blocking these targets, targeted therapies can inhibit cancer progression and improve patient outcomes. They often have fewer side effects than traditional chemotherapy because they specifically target cancer cells while leaving healthy cells relatively unharmed.</li><li dir="ltr"><strong>Precision oncology: </strong>This approach uses genetic and molecular information about a patient's tumor to guide treatment decisions.</li></ol><p dir="ltr">By identifying specific genetic mutations or biomarkers driving cancer growth, precision oncology enables the selection of therapies most likely to be effective for an individual patient. This personalized approach maximizes treatment benefits and minimizes unnecessary side effects.</p><ol start="3"><li dir="ltr"><strong>Liquid biopsies: These tests analyze blood samples to detect circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) or other cancer-related biomarkers.</strong></li></ol><p dir="ltr">Liquid biopsies offer a less invasive alternative to traditional tissue biopsies and can be used for early cancer detection, monitoring treatment response, and identifying potential resistance mechanisms.</p><ol start="4"><li dir="ltr"><strong>Artificial intelligence (AI): AI is being used to improve various aspects of cancer care, from early detection and diagnosis to treatment planning and monitoring.</strong></li></ol><p dir="ltr">AI-powered image analysis can help radiologists identify suspicious lesions on medical images, while AI algorithms can analyze large datasets to predict treatment responses and personalize treatment strategies.&nbsp;AI is helping to accelerate drug discovery and improve early detection by analyzing complex medical data more quickly and accurately than humans can.</p><ol start="5"><li dir="ltr"><strong>Novel Drug Delivery Systems: Nanotechnology is being used to develop more effective drug delivery systems.</strong></li></ol><p dir="ltr">Nanoparticles can be designed to deliver drugs directly to tumor cells, minimizing damage to healthy tissues and reducing side effects.</p><ol start="6"><li dir="ltr"><strong>CRISPR gene editing: CRISPR technology is being researched for its potential to directly alter cancer-causing genes or to enhance immune cells for better targeting of tumors.</strong></li></ol><p dir="ltr">CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing has emerged as a game-changer in cancer therapy, offering the potential to revolutionize how we treat this complex disease. Here are some of the key applications of CRISPR in cancer treatment:</p><h3 dir="ltr"><strong>2. Enhancing CAR T-cell therapy:</strong></h3><ul><li dir="ltr">CAR T-cell therapy involves genetically modifying a patient's T cells to express chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) that recognize and target cancer cells. CRISPR can be used to improve CAR T-cell therapy in several ways:&nbsp;<ul><li dir="ltr"><strong>Improving CAR design:</strong> CRISPR can be used to precisely insert CAR genes into specific locations in the T cell genome, ensuring optimal expression and function. &nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li dir="ltr"><strong>Enhancing T cell persistence:</strong> CRISPR can knock out genes that inhibit T cell activity or promote T cell exhaustion, leading to more durable responses.&nbsp;</li><li dir="ltr"><strong>Reducing side effects:</strong> CRISPR can be used to remove genes that contribute to side effects like cytokine release syndrome (CRS), making the therapy safer.</li><li dir="ltr"><strong>Creating "off-the-shelf" CAR T cells:</strong> CRISPR can be used to engineer universal CAR T cells from healthy donors, eliminating the need for patient-specific cells and reducing manufacturing time and costs.</li></ul></li></ul><h3 dir="ltr"><strong>3. Developing new cancer immunotherapies:</strong></h3><ul><li dir="ltr">CRISPR can be used to identify and validate new targets for immunotherapy, such as immune checkpoint molecules or tumor-associated antigens. &nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li dir="ltr">CRISPR can also be used to engineer immune cells with enhanced anti-tumor activity, such as NK cells or macrophages.</li></ul><h3 dir="ltr"><strong>4. cancer-causing mutations:</strong></h3><ul><li dir="ltr">In some cases, CRISPR can be used to directly correct genetic mutations that drive cancer development. This approach is still in its early stages but holds promise for cancers with well-defined genetic drivers. &nbsp;&nbsp;</li></ul><h3 dir="ltr"><strong>5. Developing personalized cancer vaccines:</strong></h3><ul><li dir="ltr">CRISPR can be used to identify neoantigens, which are unique mutations present only in cancer cells. These neoantigens can then be used to create personalized cancer vaccines that stimulate the immune system to specifically target and destroy cancer cells. &nbsp;&nbsp;</li></ul><h3 dir="ltr"><strong>6. Studying cancer biology and drug resistance:</strong></h3><ul><li dir="ltr">CRISPR is a powerful tool for studying the underlying mechanisms of cancer development and progression. It can be used to create cancer models with specific genetic alterations, allowing researchers to investigate the role of individual genes in cancer. &nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li dir="ltr">CRISPR can also be used to study how cancer cells develop resistance to therapies, leading to the development of new strategies to overcome drug resistance. &nbsp;&nbsp;</li></ul><h2 dir="ltr"><strong>Advances in Radiotherapy:</strong>&nbsp;</h2><h3 dir="ltr"><strong>1</strong>. <strong>Precision Radiotherapy</strong></h3><p dir="ltr">&nbsp; <strong>Improved tumor control:</strong> By precisely targeting the tumor, precision radiotherapy increases the chances of destroying all cancer cells while minimizing the risk of recurrence.&nbsp;</p><p dir="ltr">&nbsp; <strong>Reduced side effects:</strong> Sparing healthy tissues from unnecessary radiation exposure leads to fewer side effects, improving patients' quality of life during and after treatment. &nbsp;&nbsp;</p><p dir="ltr">&nbsp; <strong>Personalized treatment:</strong> Precision radiotherapy allows for tailoring treatment plans to each patient's specific needs and tumor characteristics, optimizing outcomes&nbsp;</p><p dir="ltr"><strong>Intensity-Modulated Radiotherapy (IMRT):</strong> A more sophisticated form of 3D-CRT, IMRT further refines radiation delivery by adjusting the intensity of the beams within each field. This allows for even greater precision in targeting the tumor while minimizing dose to surrounding critical structures.</p><p dir="ltr"><strong>Image-Guided Radiotherapy (IGRT):</strong> Incorporates real-time imaging (e.g., X-rays, ultrasound) during treatment to verify the tumor's position and make any necessary adjustments to ensure accurate targeting. This is particularly valuable for tumors that may move during treatment, such as those in the lungs or abdomen.</p><h3 dir="ltr"><strong>2. Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy (SBRT):</strong></h3><p dir="ltr">A highly precise technique that delivers very high doses of radiation to small, well-defined tumors in a limited number of sessions. SBRT is often used for tumors that are difficult to reach surgically or for patients who are not candidates for surgery.</p><h3 dir="ltr"><strong>3. Proton Therapy</strong></h3><p dir="ltr">Uses protons instead of X-rays to deliver radiation. Protons have the unique property of depositing most of their energy at a specific depth, allowing for even greater precision in targeting the tumor while minimizing damage to surrounding tissues. Proton therapy is particularly beneficial for tumors located near critical organs or in children, where minimizing long-term radiation effects is crucial.</p><h2 dir="ltr"><strong>Innovations in surgical oncology</strong></h2><p dir="ltr">Cancer surgery is constantly evolving, with new techniques and technologies emerging regularly. Here are some of the notable advancements and new trends in cancer surgery:</p><h3 dir="ltr"><strong>1</strong>.&nbsp;<strong>Minimally Invasive Surgery (MIS):</strong></h3><ul><li dir="ltr"><strong>Laparoscopic and Robotic Surgery:</strong> These techniques continue to expand their application across various cancer types. They involve smaller incisions, resulting in reduced pain, faster recovery, and shorter hospital stays. Robotic surgery, in particular, offers enhanced precision, dexterity, and visualization for surgeons.</li><li dir="ltr"><strong>Single-Port Surgery:</strong> A further refinement of MIS, this involves performing the entire surgery through a single, small incision, often hidden within the navel. This leads to even less scarring and potentially faster recovery.</li><li dir="ltr"><strong>Natural Orifice Transluminal Endoscopic Surgery (NOTES):</strong> This emerging technique accesses the abdominal cavity through natural orifices (e.g., mouth, vagina, rectum) instead of skin incisions, potentially leading to scarless surgery. It is still largely experimental but holds great promise.</li></ul><h3 dir="ltr"><strong>2. Robotic Surgery Advancements:</strong></h3><ul><li dir="ltr"><strong>Expanded Applications:</strong> Robotic surgery is becoming increasingly common in various cancers, including prostate, kidney, colorectal, gynecologic, head and neck, and thoracic cancers.</li><li dir="ltr"><strong>Improved Technology:</strong> Newer robotic systems are becoming more sophisticated, offering improved imaging, smaller instruments, and greater flexibility.</li><li dir="ltr"><strong>Single-port robotic systems</strong> are also becoming more prevalent, further reducing the invasiveness of surgeries.</li><li dir="ltr"><strong>Haptic Feedback:</strong> Some newer systems incorporate haptic feedback, which allows surgeons to "feel" tissues and resistance, improving the tactile experience during surgery.</li></ul><h3 dir="ltr"><strong>3. Image-Guided Surgery:</strong></h3><ul><li dir="ltr"><strong>Intraoperative Imaging:</strong> Techniques like intraoperative ultrasound, MRI, and CT are used during surgery to provide real-time visualization of the tumor and surrounding structures, helping surgeons achieve more complete tumor removal and avoid damaging vital organs.</li><li dir="ltr"><strong>Fluorescence-Guided Surgery:</strong> This technique uses fluorescent dyes that accumulate in cancer cells, making them glow under specific light. This helps surgeons identify and remove cancerous tissue more accurately, including microscopic diseases that might otherwise be missed.</li><li dir="ltr"><strong>Augmented Reality (AR) and Virtual Reality (VR):</strong> AR and VR are being explored to overlay pre-operative imaging data onto the surgical field, providing surgeons with a 3D roadmap during the procedure.</li></ul><h3 dir="ltr"><strong>4. Precision and Personalized Surgery:</strong></h3><ul><li dir="ltr"><strong>Molecular Profiling:</strong> Analyzing the genetic and molecular makeup of a tumor helps tailor surgical approaches. For example, some tumors may be more amenable to certain types of surgery or may require a combination of surgery and other therapies like targeted therapy or immunotherapy.</li><li dir="ltr"><strong>Neoadjuvant Therapy:</strong> Administering chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or immunotherapy&nbsp;<em>before</em> surgery can shrink the tumor, making it easier to remove completely and potentially improving outcomes. This is becoming increasingly common in various cancer types.</li><li dir="ltr"><strong>Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy:</strong> This technique identifies and removes the first lymph nodes that drain a tumor. If these nodes are cancer-free, it suggests the cancer hasn't spread, potentially sparing patients from more extensive lymph node removal and its associated side effects.</li></ul><h3 dir="ltr"><strong>5. Other Innovations:</strong></h3><ul><li dir="ltr"><strong>Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy (HIPEC):</strong> This technique involves delivering heated chemotherapy directly into the abdominal cavity during surgery to kill any remaining cancer cells. It is primarily used for certain types of abdominal cancers, like peritoneal mesothelioma and some cases of ovarian and colorectal cancer.</li><li dir="ltr"><strong>Electroporation:</strong> This involves using electrical pulses to create temporary pores in cell membranes, allowing for more effective delivery of chemotherapy drugs or potentially destroying cancer cells directly (irreversible electroporation).</li><li dir="ltr"><strong>Cryoablation and Radiofrequency Ablation:</strong> These techniques use extreme cold or heat, respectively, to destroy tumors. They may be used as alternatives to surgery for small tumors or for patients who are not surgical candidates.</li></ul><h3 dir="ltr"><strong>6. Focus on Organ Preservation:</strong></h3><ul><li dir="ltr"><strong>Partial Organ Removal:</strong> Whenever possible, surgeons aim to remove only the cancerous portion of an organ rather than the entire organ. This is becoming more common in kidney, liver, and lung cancers, among others.</li><li dir="ltr"><strong>Sphincter-Sparing Surgery:</strong> For rectal cancer, advances in surgical techniques and neoadjuvant therapy allow surgeons to preserve the anal sphincter in more cases, avoiding the need for a permanent colostomy.</li></ul><h2 dir="ltr"><strong>Revolutionizing Cancer Treatment: Breakthroughs Offering New Hope</strong></h2><p dir="ltr">The fight against cancer is witnessing remarkable progress, with innovations in treatment offering renewed hope and better outcomes. From precision medicine to revolutionary therapies, the future of oncology is more promising than ever before. As the research continues to push boundaries, access to advanced, personalized care becomes crucial.</p><p dir="ltr">At Amrita Hospital, Kochi, we are committed to delivering <a href="https://amritahospitals.org/kochi/department/cardiac-sciences/amrita-cardio-oncology-clinic">world-class cancer treatment</a> with the latest technology and expert care. If you or a loved one seek compassionate and comprehensive cancer care, visit Amrita Hospital - where the latest technology in healthcare meets healing.</p>

Advances in Cancer Treatment

<p dir="ltr">Breast reconstruction is a significant and personal choice for women undergoing mastectomy. This guide provides an overview of the procedure, its types, benefits, risks, and considerations to help you make an informed decision.</p><h2 dir="ltr"><strong>What is Breast Reconstruction?</strong></h2><p dir="ltr">Breast reconstruction is a surgical procedure aimed at recreating the shape and appearance of the breast after a mastectomy. The goal is to achieve a natural-looking breast contour that aligns with your preferences and lifestyle.</p><h2 dir="ltr"><strong>Who is a Candidate for Breast Reconstruction?</strong></h2><p dir="ltr">Most women who have had a mastectomy can consider breast reconstruction. Your doctor will determine if it’s suitable for you based on factors such as your health, the type of cancer treatment you’ve received, and your personal preferences.</p><p dir="ltr">Some women may choose alternative options like wearing prosthetics (bra fillers) or embracing their natural post-mastectomy appearance without reconstruction.</p><h2 dir="ltr"><strong>Types of Breast Reconstruction</strong></h2><h3 dir="ltr"><strong>1. Implant-Based Breast Reconstruction</strong></h3><ul><li dir="ltr"><strong>What It Is</strong>: This method uses silicone gel implants to recreate the breast shape. Silicone implants are widely used for both cosmetic and reconstructive purposes.</li><li dir="ltr"><strong>How It Works</strong>: The implant, carefully selected to match your body shape, is placed under the skin where the breast once was. In some cases, the breast skin and nipple can be preserved, leading to a more natural appearance.</li></ul><h3 dir="ltr"><strong>2. Autologous or “Flap” Reconstruction</strong></h3><ul><li dir="ltr"><strong>What It Is</strong>: This method uses your own tissue (skin, fat, and sometimes muscle) from another part of your body—such as the tummy, back, or thighs—to form the new breast.</li><li dir="ltr"><strong>Considerations</strong>: Surgery may take 5-8 hours, with full recovery spanning 6-12 weeks. Using your tissue often results in a more natural feel and long-lasting results, though it involves a more complex procedure.</li></ul><h3 dir="ltr"><strong>3. Combination Reconstruction</strong></h3><p dir="ltr">In some cases, surgeons use both implants and your own tissue to achieve the desired breast size and shape.</p><p dir="ltr"><strong>Timing of Reconstruction</strong></p><ul><li dir="ltr"><strong>Immediate Reconstruction</strong>: Done at the same time as the mastectomy. This approach allows the surgeon to conserve breast skin and sometimes the nipples for a more natural look.</li><li dir="ltr"><strong>Delayed Reconstruction</strong>: Performed months or years after the mastectomy, often after other treatments like chemotherapy or radiation have been completed.</li></ul><p dir="ltr"><strong>Risks of Breast Reconstruction</strong></p><p dir="ltr">As with any surgery, breast reconstruction comes with some risks:</p><ul><li dir="ltr"><strong>Infection</strong>: May require additional treatment or implant removal.</li><li dir="ltr"><strong>Bleeding and Bruising</strong>: Occasionally, a second surgery might be necessary.</li><li dir="ltr"><strong>Pain</strong>: Pain at the surgical site or donor area is common but manageable with medication.</li><li dir="ltr"><strong>Healing Issues</strong>: Delayed healing could postpone additional treatments.</li><li dir="ltr"><strong>Further Surgeries</strong>: Adjustments might be needed for symmetry or to refine the results.</li></ul><h2 dir="ltr"><strong>Benefits of Breast Reconstruction</strong></h2><ul><li dir="ltr"><strong>Restores Body Shape</strong>: Achieves a balanced appearance by recreating the breast.</li><li dir="ltr"><strong>Improves Self-Confidence</strong>: Many women report feeling more comfortable and confident after reconstruction.</li><li dir="ltr"><strong>Expands Clothing Options</strong>: Wearing certain clothing styles may feel easier or more enjoyable.</li></ul><h2 dir="ltr"><strong>Long-Term Considerations</strong></h2><ul><li dir="ltr">Reconstructed breasts will not regain sensation, as nerves are severed during surgery.</li><li dir="ltr">Implants may need replacement over time due to leakage, rupture, or scar tissue formation.</li><li dir="ltr">Recovery time and physical activity limitations vary based on the type of reconstruction.</li></ul><p dir="ltr">Ask yourself:</p><ul><li dir="ltr">How do I feel about my body image?</li><li dir="ltr">How soon do I want to recover?</li><li dir="ltr">How does reconstruction fit into my lifestyle and physical activities?</li></ul><h2 dir="ltr"><strong>What to Ask Your Surgeon</strong></h2><ul><li dir="ltr">What reconstruction options are available for me?</li><li dir="ltr">What are the pros, cons, and risks of each type?</li><li dir="ltr">How much will it cost, and will my insurance cover it?</li><li dir="ltr">Are there local support groups or resources I can access?</li></ul><h2 dir="ltr"><strong>Finding Support and Information</strong></h2><ul><li dir="ltr"><strong>Your Surgical Team</strong>: They will guide you through the process and provide tailored advice.</li><li dir="ltr"><strong>Support Groups</strong>: Connecting with others who have undergone reconstruction can be invaluable.</li></ul><p dir="ltr">Breast reconstruction is a journey that combines medical expertise with personal choices. By understanding your options and seeking the right support, you can take a confident step toward recovery and self-empowerment.</p>

Breast Reconstruction - A Comprehensive Guide

<p dir="ltr">Heel pain is a common ailment that affects people of all ages, from young adults to the elderly. Among its various causes, the most prevalent is plantar fasciitis—a condition characterized by inflammation of the plantar fascia, a thick band of tissue connecting the heel bone to the toes.&nbsp;</p><p>&nbsp;</p><h2 dir="ltr"><strong>What is Plantar Fasciitis?</strong></h2><p dir="ltr">Plantar fasciitis refers to inflammation or irritation of the plantar fascia, a fibrous band of tissue located at the bottom of the foot. This tissue supports the arch of the foot and absorbs shock during activities like walking or running. Overuse, excessive stress, or repetitive stretching can lead to small tears in the plantar fascia, resulting in pain and discomfort.</p><p dir="ltr">This condition is particularly common among runners, overweight individuals, and those who wear poorly supportive footwear.</p><p>&nbsp;</p><h2 dir="ltr"><strong>Symptoms</strong></h2><ul><li dir="ltr"><strong>Pain in the heel or arch:</strong> Usually felt as a stabbing pain in the morning or after periods of inactivity.</li><li dir="ltr"><strong>Worsening pain:</strong> Pain intensifies after prolonged standing or walking.</li><li dir="ltr"><strong>Stiffness:</strong> Reduced flexibility in the foot.</li><li dir="ltr"><strong>Swelling:</strong> Around the heel or arch of the foot.</li></ul><p>&nbsp;</p><h2 dir="ltr"><strong>Causes</strong></h2><ul><li dir="ltr"><strong>Overuse or repetitive stress:</strong> Activities such as long-distance running or dancing.</li><li dir="ltr"><strong>Foot mechanics:</strong> Flat feet, high arches, or abnormal walking patterns.</li><li dir="ltr"><strong>Obesity:</strong> Extra body weight puts additional stress on the plantar fascia.</li><li dir="ltr"><strong>Improper footwear:</strong> Lack of arch support or cushioning.</li><li dir="ltr"><strong>Occupational risks:</strong> Jobs requiring extended standing or walking on hard surfaces.</li></ul><p>&nbsp;</p><h2 dir="ltr"><strong>Diagnosis and Tests</strong></h2><p dir="ltr">Diagnosing plantar fasciitis typically involves:</p><ul><li dir="ltr"><strong>Physical examination:</strong> A healthcare provider presses on the affected area to identify tenderness and pain.</li><li dir="ltr"><strong>Imaging tests:</strong> X-rays or MRIs may be recommended to rule out other conditions, such as fractures or heel spurs.</li><li dir="ltr"><strong>Discussion of symptoms:</strong> Sharing details of your daily activities, pain triggers, and foot mechanics helps in accurate diagnosis.</li></ul><p>&nbsp;</p><h2 dir="ltr"><strong>Management and Treatment</strong></h2><ol><li dir="ltr"><strong>Medication:</strong> Over-the-counter NSAIDs like ibuprofen reduce inflammation and alleviate pain.</li><li dir="ltr"><strong>Physical Therapy:</strong> Stretches and exercises to strengthen the plantar fascia and Achilles tendon.</li><li dir="ltr"><strong>Orthotics:</strong> Custom-made shoe inserts for improved arch support.</li><li dir="ltr"><strong>Night Splints:</strong> Worn during sleep to stretch the plantar fascia and reduce morning stiffness.</li><li dir="ltr"><strong>Advanced Therapies:</strong> Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injections, extracorporeal shock wave therapy.</li><li dir="ltr"><strong>Surgery:</strong> Rarely required and reserved for severe cases unresponsive to conservative treatments.</li></ol><p>&nbsp;</p><p dir="ltr">At&nbsp;<strong>Amrita Hospital, Kochi</strong>, we offer expert care and advanced treatments for plantar fasciitis. If you are experiencing persistent heel pain,&nbsp;<a href="https://www.amritahospitals.org/kochi/department/cancer-centre/pain-and-palliative-medicine">consult our specialized team</a> for a personalized treatment plan.&nbsp;</p><p>&nbsp;</p><h2 dir="ltr"><strong>Prevention&nbsp;</strong></h2><p dir="ltr">While plantar fasciitis can be painful, certain preventive measures can reduce your risk:</p><ul><li dir="ltr"><strong>Wear supportive footwear:</strong> Choose shoes with good arch support and cushioning.</li><li dir="ltr"><strong>Maintain a healthy weight:</strong> Reduce stress on the plantar fascia.</li><li dir="ltr"><strong>Incorporate stretching exercises:</strong> Regularly stretch your calves and Achilles tendon.</li><li dir="ltr"><strong>Rest and recovery:</strong> Allow time for your feet to recover after intense activities.</li><li dir="ltr"><strong>Avoid walking barefoot:</strong> Especially on hard surfaces.</li></ul><p>&nbsp;</p><p dir="ltr">Plantar fasciitis, though common, can significantly impact daily life if left untreated. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment are essential for effective recovery. By following preventive measures and seeking professional care from a Pain and Palliative specialist when needed, you can manage or even avoid this condition.</p><p>&nbsp;</p><h2 dir="ltr"><strong>Frequently Asked Questions</strong></h2><p>&nbsp;</p><h3 dir="ltr">1. What is the fastest way to cure plantar fasciitis?</h3><p dir="ltr">The quickest relief often comes from rest, icing, and using anti-inflammatory medications. Stretching exercises and supportive footwear also help. For persistent pain, consult a doctor for advanced treatments like PRP injections or shock wave therapy.</p><p>&nbsp;</p><h3 dir="ltr">2. What is the cause of plantar fasciitis?</h3><p dir="ltr">Plantar fasciitis is caused by overstretching or tearing of the plantar fascia due to excessive stress, repetitive movements, or improper footwear. Factors like obesity and certain foot mechanics can increase the risk.</p><p>&nbsp;</p><h3 dir="ltr">3. What is the best exercise for plantar fasciitis?</h3><p dir="ltr">Calf stretches, rolling stretches with a ball, and towel curls are effective exercises. These target the plantar fascia and Achilles tendon to relieve tension and improve flexibility.</p><p>&nbsp;</p><h3 dir="ltr">4. How to sleep with plantar fasciitis?</h3><p dir="ltr">Use a night splint to keep your foot in a flexed position, reducing morning stiffness. Avoid sleeping with heavy blankets on your feet, as they can add pressure.</p>

What You Need to Know About Heel Pain and How to Fix It

<p dir="ltr">The human liver, a remarkable organ with over 500 vital functions, plays a crucial role in our overall health and well-being. From filtering toxins and producing essential proteins to regulating blood sugar levels and aiding in digestion, the liver is a critical organ of human physiology. However, when liver disease occurs—be it due to genetic disorders, viral infections, alcohol abuse, or other factors—the consequences can be severe and life-threatening.</p><p dir="ltr">In severe cases, a liver transplant becomes the only viable treatment option. Liver transplantation, with time, has transformed from a high-risk procedure into a life-saving operation with remarkable success rates. One of the most exciting advancements in this field is the integration of robotic systems, which has further enhanced the precision and outcomes of the procedure.&nbsp;</p><p dir="ltr">In this blog, from Amrita Hospital, Kochi—India’s first hospital to perform the highest number of high-precision robotic liver donor surgeries—we will explore the key aspects of&nbsp;<a href="https://www.amritahospitals.org/kochi/department/centre-organ-transplantation/liver-transplantation">liver transplantation</a>, including the different types, benefits, transplantation procedure, recovery process, essential do’s and don’ts, and more.</p><h2 dir="ltr">Understanding the Types of Liver Transplants</h2><p dir="ltr">A liver transplant can be classified into 2 main categories:</p><ul><li dir="ltr"><strong>Deceased Donor Liver Transplant:&nbsp;</strong>A deceased donor liver transplant involves receiving a liver from an organ donor who is brain dead, typically due to traumatic&nbsp; injury or .&nbsp;</li><li dir="ltr"><strong>Living Donor Liver Transplant:</strong> In contrast, a living donor liver transplant involves a healthy individual donating a portion of their liver to a recipient in need. The liver's unique ability to regenerate allows both the donor's and recipient's livers to grow back to near their original sizes within a few months after surgery.</li></ul><h2 dir="ltr">What are the Advantages of a Robotic Surgery in&nbsp; Liver Transplant?</h2><p dir="ltr">This currently involves surgery to remove part of the liver from a live donor. Robotic liver transplantation, a significant advancement in surgical technology, offers numerous benefits compared to traditional open surgery or even standard laparoscopic techniques to the donor. Here are some key advantages of robotic liver transplant:</p><ul><li dir="ltr"><strong>Enhanced Precision and Control:&nbsp;</strong>The robotic system provides surgeons with improved dexterity and precision through advanced instruments that mimic the human hand's movements. This enhanced control allows for more accurate dissections and reconstructions of liver structures.</li><li dir="ltr"><strong>Minimally Invasive Approach:</strong> Robotic liver transplants are performed through smaller incisions compared to open surgery. This minimally invasive approach results in less trauma to the abdominal wall, reducing post-operative pain and scarring, which can significantly improve patient satisfaction.</li><li dir="ltr"><strong>Reduced Blood Loss:&nbsp;</strong>The precision of robotic instruments helps minimise blood loss during surgery. This is particularly important in liver transplantation, where controlling bleeding is crucial. Less blood loss can lead to fewer complications and a smoother recovery process.</li><li dir="ltr"><strong>Shorter Hospital Stay:</strong> Patients who undergo robotic liver transplantation often experience shorter hospital stays compared to those who have open surgeries. This can lead to a quicker return to normal activities and reduced healthcare costs.</li><li dir="ltr"><strong>Faster Recovery Time:</strong> With less postoperative pain and smaller incisions, patients typically enjoy faster recovery times. They can often resume normal activities sooner, which is especially beneficial for those looking to return to work or family responsibilities.</li><li dir="ltr"><strong>Lower Risk of Infection:</strong> The minimally invasive nature of robotic surgery results in a reduced risk of infections and other complications associated with larger incisions. This can enhance overall patient safety and lead to better long-term outcomes.</li><li dir="ltr"><strong>Improved Visualisation:&nbsp;</strong>The robotic system is equipped with high-definition cameras that provide surgeons with a 3D view of the surgical field. This enhanced visualisation allows for a better assessment of the liver and surrounding structures.</li><li dir="ltr"><strong>Personalised Surgical Techniques:</strong> Robotic surgery allows for tailored surgical techniques based on the patient's specific anatomy and needs. Surgeons can customise their approach, improving the chances of a successful transplant and reducing the likelihood of complications.</li></ul><h2 dir="ltr">A Detailed Overview of How Transplants Are Performed</h2><p dir="ltr">Combining both advanced robotic technology and expert surgical skills, liver transplant is a highly sophisticated procedure used to replace a diseased liver with a healthy one. The process involves several key steps, each critical to ensuring the success of the transplant. Here’s a simplified breakdown of the robotic liver transplant process at Amrita Hospital:</p><ul><li dir="ltr"><strong>Pre-Surgical Evaluation:</strong> Before the surgery, the patient undergoes extensive evaluations, including imaging and blood tests, to ensure that the patient is fit for the procedure. If the transplant involves a living donor, they are also evaluated for compatibility and overall health.</li><li dir="ltr"><strong>Surgical Planning:</strong> Using advanced imaging techniques, the surgical team plans the procedure to ensure accuracy. The 3D models created using virtual simulations provide a better understanding of the surgical site.&nbsp;</li><li dir="ltr"><strong>Preparation of the live donor in the Operation Theatre:</strong> On the day of surgery, the patient is administered anaesthetics, and the robotic surgical system, consisting of a console and robotic arms, is set up. The surgical team prepares the robotic instruments, ensuring everything is sterile and functioning correctly.</li><li dir="ltr"><strong>Creating Incisions:&nbsp;</strong>The surgeon, with the help of robotic arms, makes several small incisions in the abdomen of the receiver to accommodate the robotic instruments and cameras. The inserted robotic arms hold specialised instruments that allow the surgeon to perform the surgery.&nbsp;</li><li dir="ltr"><strong>Liver Harvesting:&nbsp;</strong>Using the keyhole incision, the surgeon will perform surgery to divide the liver with the help of the robotic arms. The part of the liver to transplanted usually weighs more than 400 to 500 grams and will require a separate incision. This is usually a 10–13 cm incision in the bikini line and will become invisible within a few days.</li><li dir="ltr"><strong>Preparing the Recipient:</strong> In the case of a deceased donor, the surgeon prepares the recipient’s abdomen to remove the affected liver. This involves carefully dissecting surrounding tissues and blood vessels while minimising trauma to the area.</li><li dir="ltr"><strong>Implantation of the Donor Liver:</strong> Once the diseased liver is removed, the healthy liver from the donor is positioned within the abdominal cavity. The surgeon then connects the liver to the recipient’s blood vessels and bile ducts, ensuring proper blood flow and bile drainage.</li><li dir="ltr"><strong>Postoperative Monitoring:</strong> Upon the successful completion of the surgery, the patient is moved to the observatory area for monitoring as they wake up from anaesthesia. The vital signs, fluid balance, and liver function are closely observed to ensure the transplant is functioning properly.</li></ul><p dir="ltr">The entire procedure can take from 6 to 12 hours, depending on the complexity of the case. Once the vitals are back to normal, the patient is moved to the ward, where they receive support for pain management, nutritional needs, and rehabilitation to regain strength and mobility. The period of stay depends on the recovery progress.</p><h2 dir="ltr">Recovery After Robotic live donor surgery</h2><p dir="ltr">Recovery after robotic live donor surgery is generally faster and less painful compared to traditional open surgery. Here are a few tips to ensure a smooth and speedy recovery after the surgery:</p><ul><li dir="ltr"><strong>Follow the Medication Schedule:</strong> It’s crucial to adhere to the medication regimen and any dietary guidelines provided by your doctor. These instructions are important to prevent complications and support the healing process.</li><li dir="ltr"><strong>Maintain a Healthy Diet:</strong> A balanced diet rich in proteins, vitamins, and minerals is important to support healing and maintaining liver health. Also, it is recommended to avoid alcohol and foods high in sodium or sugar.&nbsp;</li><li dir="ltr"><strong>Regular Physical Activity:&nbsp;</strong>It is advised to carry out light physical activities such as walking to improve blood circulation and overall fitness. However, the patient must refrain from doing strenuous exercises or other activities like lifting weights until approved by the doctor.</li><li dir="ltr"><strong>Attend Follow-Up Appointments:</strong> Regular checkups with the surgeon are vital to monitor liver function and medication adjustments. The checkups are often accompanied by blood tests to track liver function.</li><li dir="ltr"><strong>Stay Hydrated:</strong> Drinking plenty of water and other fluids aids in recovery and supports kidney function, which might be affected by anti-rejection drugs.</li><li dir="ltr"><strong>Get Plenty of Rest:&nbsp;</strong>Quality sleep is essential for tissue repair and overall recovery. Try to maintain a consistent sleep schedule of up to 8 hours to support your body’s healing process.</li></ul><p dir="ltr">Most patients can return to normal activities within 3-4 weeks post-surgery. Full recovery, including regaining strength and stamina, may take 3-6 months, depending on the patient’s health and adherence to the recovery plan.</p><h2 dir="ltr">Do’s and Don’ts After Liver Transplantation</h2><p dir="ltr">Following liver transplantation surgery, it’s crucial to adhere to certain dos and don’ts to ensure proper healing and prevent complications. Here are some of the points to keep in mind for a successful recovery:</p><h3 dir="ltr">Do’s</h3><ul><li dir="ltr">Follow the medication schedule strictly</li><li dir="ltr">Eat a balanced, liver-friendly diet</li><li dir="ltr">Stay hydrated</li><li dir="ltr">Maintain a healthy lifestyle with regular, gentle exercise</li><li dir="ltr">Attend regular follow-up appointments</li><li dir="ltr">Monitor your weight and report any rapid changes</li></ul><h3 dir="ltr">Don’ts</h3><ul><li dir="ltr">Don’t skip medications</li><li dir="ltr">Avoid alcohol and drugs</li><li dir="ltr">Avoid eating raw or undercooked foods</li><li dir="ltr">Don’t lift heavy objects</li><li dir="ltr">Don’t expose yourself to extreme temperatures</li><li dir="ltr">Avoid smoking</li><li dir="ltr">Don’t ignore symptoms, if any</li><li dir="ltr">Avoid exposure to people with infections, as immunosuppressants can lower immunity.</li></ul><h2 dir="ltr">The Future of Robotic Hepatectomy</h2><p dir="ltr">A relatively new technology, robotic-assisted liver transplantation holds immense promise for the future. Amrita Hospital, being the&nbsp;<a href="https://www.amritahospitals.org/kochi">best hospital in Kerala</a>, and with our commitment to excellence in healthcare, is actively involved in research and development to further advance this field.&nbsp;</p><ul><li dir="ltr">Advancements in robotic technology are expected to enhance the precision of surgical instruments. With improved dexterity and range of motion, robotic systems will allow surgeons to perform complex liver resections with greater accuracy, minimising damage to surrounding tissues and reducing recovery times.</li><li dir="ltr">The incorporation of AI can assist surgeons in every phase of the surgery, including pre-operative planning. AI can provide real-time feedback, enhancing decision-making and ensuring optimal surgical techniques.</li><li dir="ltr">The integration of advanced technologies like augmented reality and 3D imaging will enable surgeons to visualise complex anatomical structures in real time.</li><li dir="ltr">With advancements in technology, the future of robotic hepatectomy will be focused on minimally invasive techniques, promising lesser post-operative pain and quicker recovery.</li><li dir="ltr">As robotic surgery becomes more prevalent, there will be an increased focus on training and education for surgeons. Simulators and virtual reality platforms will become essential tools in surgical education, allowing trainees to practice complex procedures in a risk-free environment before entering the operating room.</li><li dir="ltr">Prioritising patient-centric innovations, the future of robotic liver transplants focuses on improving the overall patient experience.&nbsp;</li></ul><h2 dir="ltr">Experience a&nbsp; New Era in Liver Transplantation with Robotics at Amrita Hospital, Kochi</h2><p dir="ltr">Representing a significant leap forward in the field of organ transplantation,&nbsp;<a href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6441912/">robotic hepatectomy</a> offers numerous advantages, including enhanced precision, reduced recovery time, and improved outcomes. With the potential for faster recovery, less pain, and reduced risks, robotic liver transplantation has set a new standard for organ transplants, paving the way for a healthier future.&nbsp;</p><p dir="ltr">As a pioneer in this technology, Amrita Hospital is committed to offering world-class care to our patients. As we continue to push the boundaries of what's possible in transplant surgery, we remain committed to our core mission of providing compassionate and advanced care to those in need of life-saving liver transplants.</p><p dir="ltr">Book your appointment now and take your first step towards a healthier future!</p><h2 dir="ltr">Frequently Asked Questions</h2><ul><li dir="ltr"><strong>What is a robotic liver transplant?</strong></li></ul><p dir="ltr">A robotic liver transplant, commonly known as a robotic hepatectomy, is a minimally invasive surgical procedure where surgeons make use of robotic systems to transplant a liver with enhanced precision and control.</p><ul><li dir="ltr"><strong>What is the cost of a liver transplant in India?</strong></li></ul><p dir="ltr">The cost of a liver transplant in India can range anywhere from 15 lakhs to 30 lakhs, depending on factors like hospital, expertise of the surgeon, and type of transplant.</p><ul><li dir="ltr"><strong>How long does a robotic hepatectomy take?</strong></li></ul><p dir="ltr">A robotic hepatectomy typically takes 6–10 hours, depending on the complexity of the case and the patient's condition.</p><ul><li dir="ltr"><strong>What is the success rate of robotic surgery?</strong></li></ul><p dir="ltr">The success rate of robotic liver transplant surgery is comparable to that of traditional methods, with a reduced risk of complications due to its precision.</p><ul><li dir="ltr"><strong>Is robotic surgery better than laparoscopic?</strong></li></ul><p dir="ltr">Robotic surgery offers greater precision and control compared to laparoscopic surgery, making it especially beneficial for complex procedures like liver transplantation. It also provides a 3D view and greater flexibility in movements, leading to better outcomes in select cases. However, the suitability of the techniques depends on various factors, making laparoscopic surgery equally desired.&nbsp;</p>

The Role of Robotics in Revolutionising Liver Transplantation: Everything You Need to Know About the Leap Forward

<p>Breast self-awareness is a crucial aspect of overall health for people of all genders. It involves understanding how your breasts normally look and feel so that you can detect any changes early. Changes such as lumps, discharge, or skin dimpling may not always indicate cancer, but noticing them early can help you seek timely medical advice. Regularly checking your breasts can empower you to detect any abnormalities, which could lead to early intervention.</p><p><br>At <strong>Amrita Hospital, Kochi</strong>, our <a href="https://www.amritahospitals.org/kochi/department/centre-comprehensive-womens-healthcareparipoorna/breast-diseases-division">Breast Diseases Division</a> offers a comprehensive range of services through a state-of-the-art breast imaging center, specialized pathologists, breast surgeons, and surgical oncologists trained in oncoplastic breast surgery. Whether it's routine screening, management of benign breast conditions, or advanced breast cancer care, we provide a one-stop solution for all breast health concerns. Our team of internationally trained experts is equipped to deliver the highest standards of care using cutting-edge technology such as <strong>Mammography, Breast MRI, and Stereotactic Biopsies</strong>. We also offer a full spectrum of breast surgeries, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and rehabilitation services, ensuring holistic support for patients at the <a href="https://www.amritahospitals.org/kochi">best hospital in Kochi</a>, Kerala.</p><h3><br>What is Breast Self-Examination (BSE)?</h3><p><br>Breast Self-Examination (BSE) is a method to familiarize yourself with how your breasts look and feel by checking them regularly. While BSE is not necessarily a substitute for professional screenings, it is a helpful way to maintain breast self-awareness. Knowing your body can help you notice changes such as lumps or abnormal discharge early.<br>You can perform a BSE monthly, occasionally, or not at all, as long as you are aware of how your breasts typically feel. Both men and women can develop breast cancer, so breast awareness is important for everyone.</p><h3><br>When to Do a Breast Self-Exam</h3><p><br>The best time to conduct a BSE is when your breasts are not tender or swollen. For those who menstruate, it's ideal to do the exam a few days after your period ends.</p><h3><br>How to Do a Breast Self-Exam</h3><p><br>There are two primary ways to perform a breast self-exam: <strong>in front of a mirror</strong> and <strong>while lying down</strong>. Here's how to do both:</p><h4><br>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;In Front of a Mirror</h4><ol><li>Stand in front of a mirror with your breasts exposed.</li><li>Press your hands firmly on your hips and observe for any changes in the size, shape, or skin of your breasts. Look for dimpling, redness, or any abnormal discharge from the nipples.</li><li><p>Raise one arm slightly to check the underarm for any lumps or changes. Repeat the process with the other arm. Be sure not to raise your arms completely, as this tightens the tissue, making it harder to examine.</p><h4>While Lying Down</h4><p>1. Lie down on your back with a pillow or towel under one shoulder. Place the corresponding arm behind your head.<br>2. Use the pads of the three middle fingers on the opposite hand to examine the breast in a circular motion. Apply light, medium, and firm pressure to feel different layers of the tissue.<br>3. Follow an <strong>up-and-down (vertical) pattern</strong>, starting at the underarm and moving toward the middle of the chest. Repeat on the other side.</p><p><br>If you notice any changes or lumps, contact your <a href="https://www.amritahospitals.org/kochi/doctor/vijayakumar-d-k">oncologist</a> for further evaluation.</p><p><br>Breast self-awareness is an essential part of staying proactive about your health. While BSE may not be a routine screening tool, it is still a valuable practice for becoming familiar with your body. Remember, most breast changes are not cancer, but early detection is key to addressing any concerns. If you notice any abnormalities, don't hesitate to seek medical advice.<br>&nbsp;</p></li></ol>

<p dir="ltr">The next stage of transhumanism, robot-assisted surgeries, has revolutionised the medical field by combining the precision of robots with human expertise. The advent of&nbsp;<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Da_Vinci_Surgical_System">da Vinci robotic surgery</a> has significantly increased the availability of minimally invasive options in every specialisation, including gynaecology, providing patients with a less invasive and often more beneficial surgical approach.</p><p dir="ltr">Robot-assisted surgeries offer numerous benefits, including minimally invasive approaches, reduced recovery times, and potentially improved outcomes for patients. However, they are not without challenges, such as high costs and the need for specialised training.&nbsp;</p><p dir="ltr">This blog provides a clear, detailed overview of robotic surgery in gynaecology, highlighting its benefits and comparing it with traditional surgical methods, providing a comprehensive understanding of this most advanced technology that is shaping the future of women's health.</p><p dir="ltr">&nbsp;</p><h2 dir="ltr">What Are the Robotic Surgeries for Gynaecology?</h2><p dir="ltr">Robotic surgeries in gynaecology are advanced minimally invasive procedures that use robotic systems to perform surgical tasks with greater precision than traditional methods. The robotic system comprises three main components: the surgeon’s console, the patient-side robotic cart with four interactive robotic arms, and a high-definition 3D vision system. The surgeon controls the robotic arms from a console, which translates the surgeon's hand movements into precise micro-movements of surgical instruments.</p><p dir="ltr">Some of the most common robotic surgeries in gynaecology include:</p><p dir="ltr"><strong>1. Robotic Hysterectomy:</strong> This procedure involves the removal of the uterus and, in some cases, the ovaries and fallopian tubes. Robotic assistance allows for more precise dissection and suturing, potentially leading to reduced blood loss and faster recovery times compared to traditional methods.</p><p dir="ltr"><strong>2. Robotic Myomectomy:</strong> This surgery is performed to remove uterine fibroids while preserving the uterus. The robotic system helps surgeons make precise incisions and suture the uterus with exceptional accuracy for women who wish to maintain their fertility.</p><p dir="ltr"><strong>3. Robotic Ovarian Cystectomy:&nbsp;</strong>This surgery procedure involves the removal of ovarian cysts while preserving healthy ovarian tissue. Enhanced visualisation and dexterity offered by the robotic system allow surgeons to perform this delicate operation with minimal damage to surrounding structures.</p><p dir="ltr"><strong>4. Robotic Sacrocolpopexy:&nbsp;</strong>This surgery is used to treat pelvic organ prolapse. The robotic system aids in the precise placement of surgical mesh to support the pelvic organs, potentially improving long-term outcomes.</p><p dir="ltr"><strong>5. Robotic Endometriosis Resection:</strong> The robotic system's 3D visualisation and precise instruments enable surgeons to effectively remove endometrial tissue from various locations within the pelvis, potentially improving outcomes for women suffering from endometriosis.</p><p dir="ltr">These surgeries provide an option for patients who may benefit from minimally invasive techniques, resulting in fewer complications, less pain, and faster recovery times compared to traditional open surgery. At Amrita Hospital, we offer advanced robotic surgery for gynaecological procedures, including hysterectomy, myomectomy, and ovarian cystectomy.</p><p dir="ltr">In addition to general gynaecological surgeries, we also provide advanced robotic surgery for&nbsp;<a href="https://www.amritahospitals.org/kochi/department/cancer-centre/gynecologic-oncology-division">gynaecologic oncology</a>. With the help of robotic systems, our team of experts performs complex cancer surgeries, including hysterectomies and lymph node dissections for cancers like cervical, ovarian, and endometrial cancer.</p><p>&nbsp;</p><h2 dir="ltr">Benefits of Gynaecologic Robotic Surgery</h2><p dir="ltr">Robotic surgery in gynaecology offers numerous advantages over traditional open surgery and even laparoscopic procedures. Some of them are:&nbsp;</p><p dir="ltr"><strong>1. Enhanced Precision:</strong> The robotic system provides surgeons with a magnified, high-definition 3D view of the surgical site, allowing for high precision in tissue manipulation and suturing.</p><p dir="ltr"><strong>2. Minimal Invasiveness:</strong> Robotic surgery typically requires only a few small incisions, resulting in less trauma to the body, reduced scarring, and potentially faster healing times.</p><p dir="ltr"><strong>3. Reduced Blood Loss:</strong> The enhanced precision and smaller incisions often lead to decreased blood loss during surgery, which can help in faster recovery and reduced need for blood transfusions.</p><p dir="ltr"><strong>4. Shorter Hospital Stays:</strong> Many patients undergoing robotic gynaecological procedures experience shorter hospital stays compared to those undergoing traditional open surgeries.</p><p dir="ltr"><strong>5. Faster Recovery:</strong> The minimally invasive nature of robotic surgery often results in quicker recovery times, allowing patients to return to their normal activities sooner.</p><p dir="ltr"><strong>6. Reduced Post-operative Pain:</strong> Smaller incisions and lesser tissue manipulation typically lead to reduced post-operative pain and less need for pain medication.</p><p dir="ltr"><strong>7. Lower Risk of Infection:</strong> The smaller incisions and reduced exposure of internal organs during robotic surgery may contribute to a lower risk of post-operative infections.</p><p dir="ltr"><strong>8. Improved Ergonomics for Surgeons:</strong> The robotic system allows surgeons to operate in a more comfortable, ergonomic position, potentially reducing fatigue during long procedures and enabling them to perform with greater precision.</p><p dir="ltr"><strong>9. Better Access to Difficult Areas:</strong> The robotic arms can reach and operate in tight spaces within the pelvis that might be challenging to access with traditional surgical methods.</p><p dir="ltr"><strong>10. Potential for Better Outcomes:</strong> For complicated gynaecological conditions, the enhanced visualisation and precision of robotic surgery may lead to improved surgical outcomes and patient satisfaction.</p><p dir="ltr">While robotic surgery offers significant advantages, it's crucial to discuss these benefits and potential limitations with your&nbsp;<a href="https://www.amritahospitals.org/kochi/doctors/obstetrics-gynaecology">gynaecologist&nbsp;</a>to determine if it's the most suitable option for your specific situation.&nbsp;</p><p>&nbsp;</p><h2 dir="ltr">What Is the Difference between Laparoscopic and Robotic Surgery?</h2><p dir="ltr">While both laparoscopic and robotic surgeries are minimally invasive approaches, there are several key differences between the two:</p><p dir="ltr"><strong>1. Visualisation:</strong> Laparoscopic surgery provides a 2D view of the surgical site on a monitor, while robotic surgery offers a magnified, high-definition 3D view through a console, giving the surgeon enhanced depth perception.</p><p dir="ltr"><strong>2. Instrument Control:</strong> In laparoscopic surgery, the surgeon directly manipulates rigid instruments, which can limit the range of motion. Robotic surgery utilises wristed instruments that can rotate 360 degrees, offering greater dexterity and range of motion.</p><p dir="ltr"><strong>3. Ergonomics:</strong> Laparoscopic surgery requires the surgeon to stand and may involve uncomfortable positioning, potentially leading to fatigue during long procedures. Robotic surgery allows the surgeon to sit comfortably at a console, potentially reducing fatigue and improving precision during extended operations.</p><p dir="ltr"><strong>4. Learning Curve:</strong> The learning curve for robotic surgery is generally considered shorter than that for laparoscopic surgery, particularly for complex procedures.</p><p dir="ltr"><strong>5. Cost:</strong> Robotic surgery systems are more expensive to purchase and maintain than laparoscopic equipment, which can impact the overall cost of the procedure.</p><p dir="ltr"><strong>6. Tactile Feedback:</strong> Laparoscopic surgery provides direct tactile feedback to the surgeon, while robotic surgery relies on visual cues and does not offer haptic feedback.</p><p dir="ltr"><strong>7. Precision:</strong> While both methods offer precision, the robotic system's tremor filtration and motion scaling can potentially provide even greater precision, especially in complex cases.</p><p dir="ltr">While robotic surgery offers many advantages, laparoscopic surgery remains an effective approach for many gynaecological procedures. The choice between the two methods often depends on the specific case, the surgeon's expertise, and available resources.</p><p dir="ltr">In some instances, laparoscopy might still be the preferred approach for simpler procedures. However, for complex surgeries requiring high degrees of precision, robotic surgery offers a significant advantage.</p><p>&nbsp;</p><h2 dir="ltr">Is Robotic Surgery Safe?</h2><p dir="ltr">Robotic surgery has been proven to be a safe and effective option for many gynaecological procedures when performed by experienced surgeons. Numerous studies have demonstrated the safety profile of robotic surgery in gynaecology, with complication rates comparable to or lower than those of traditional open surgery or laparoscopic approaches.</p><p dir="ltr">Major factors contributing to the safety of robotic surgery include:</p><p dir="ltr"><strong>1. Surgeon’s Expertise:&nbsp;</strong>The safety of robotic surgery is highly dependent on the skill and experience of the surgeon operating the system. Proper training and ongoing practice are essential.</p><p dir="ltr"><strong>2. Advanced Technology:</strong> Robotic systems incorporate various safety features, including tremor filtration and motion scaling, which can enhance precision and reduce the risk of errors.</p><p dir="ltr"><strong>3. Minimally Invasive Approach:</strong> The small incisions used in robotic surgery typically result in less trauma to the body, potentially reducing the risk of complications associated with larger incisions.</p><p dir="ltr"><strong>4. Enhanced Visualisation:</strong> The high-definition 3D view provided by the robotic system allows surgeons to see anatomical structures more clearly, potentially reducing the risk of inadvertent injury to surrounding tissues.</p><p dir="ltr"><strong>5. Standardised Protocols:</strong> Many hospitals have implemented standardised protocols for robotic surgery, including thorough pre-operative planning and intraoperative safety checks, further enhancing patient safety.</p><p dir="ltr">While robotic surgery is generally considered safe, like any surgical procedure, it carries some risks. These may include potential complications related to anaesthesia, infection, or injury to surrounding organs. However, these risks are typically lower than those associated with traditional surgical approaches.</p><p>&nbsp;</p><h2 dir="ltr">Which Surgery Is Better, Robotic or Manual?</h2><p dir="ltr">The choice between robotic and manual (traditional open or laparoscopic) surgery depends on various factors, including the specific procedure, patient characteristics, surgeon expertise, and available resources. Both approaches have their strengths and potential applications in gynaecology.</p><h3 dir="ltr"><strong>Advantages of Robotic Surgery:</strong></h3><p dir="ltr">1. Enhanced precision and dexterity</p><p dir="ltr">2. Improved visualisation with 3D high-definition imaging</p><p dir="ltr">3. Potential for smaller incisions and less post-operative pain</p><p dir="ltr">4. Shorter learning curve for complex procedures</p><p dir="ltr">5. Ergonomic benefits for surgeons</p><h3 dir="ltr"><strong>Advantages of Manual Surgery:</strong></h3><p dir="ltr">1. Lower cost compared to robotic surgery</p><p dir="ltr">2. Direct tactile feedback for surgeons</p><p dir="ltr">3. Wider availability, especially in resource-limited settings</p><p dir="ltr">4. Potentially shorter operative times for certain procedures</p><p dir="ltr">5. Proven track record with long-term data available</p><p dir="ltr">In many cases, robotic surgery has shown superior outcomes to manual surgery, particularly for complex gynaecological procedures. However, the success of any surgical approach largely depends on the skill and experience of the surgeon.</p><p dir="ltr">For some straightforward, simpler procedures, traditional laparoscopic or open surgery may be equally effective and more cost-efficient. Conversely, for complex cases requiring intricate dissection or suturing in confined spaces, robotic surgery may offer significant advantages.</p><p dir="ltr">Ultimately, the "better" surgical approach is the one that provides the best outcome for the patient while considering factors such as safety, efficacy, cost-effectiveness, and the surgeon's expertise.</p><p>&nbsp;</p><h2 dir="ltr">Find out if Robotic Surgery Is Right for You by Scheduling a Consultation Today!</h2><p dir="ltr">Robotic surgery, representing the future of gynaecological care, combines the most advanced technology with advanced surgical technology, improving the outcomes. With its many benefits, including reduced pain, shorter recovery times, and enhanced precision, robotic surgery is transforming gynaecological surgery.</p><p dir="ltr">Discover how robotic surgery can benefit your gynaecological needs at the Department of Gynaecology at Amrita Hospital, Kochi. Our board-certified OB-GYNs, along with the latest robotic technology, ensure a smooth and safe womanhood experience.&nbsp;</p><p dir="ltr">Schedule your appointment today and take the first step towards a healthier future!</p><p>&nbsp;</p><h2 dir="ltr">FAQs</h2><ol><li><h3 dir="ltr">What is robotic surgery for the uterus?</h3></li></ol><p dir="ltr">Robotic surgery for the uterus, or robotic hysterectomy, is a minimally invasive procedure. This surgery uses robotic arms, which are controlled using computer consoles, to remove the uterus and cervix. This approach often results in smaller incisions, less pain, and a quicker recovery than traditional surgery.</p><ol start="2"><li dir="ltr"><h3 dir="ltr">What are the advantages of robotics in benign gynecologic surgery?</h3></li></ol><p dir="ltr">The advantages of robotic surgery in benign gynecologic procedures include greater precision, smaller incisions, less pain, reduced blood loss, faster recovery, and improved visualisation of tissues during surgery.</p><ol start="3"><li dir="ltr"><h3 dir="ltr">Why is robotic surgery the future?</h3></li></ol><p dir="ltr">With the advancing technology, robotic surgery is considered to be the future. The greater precision, enhanced control, and minimally invasive techniques lead to smaller incisions, less pain, faster recovery, and fewer complications. It allows surgeons to perform complex procedures with improved accuracy, making it a preferred option for many surgeries moving forward.</p><ol start="4"><li dir="ltr"><h3 dir="ltr">What is the trend in robotic surgery in 2024?</h3></li></ol><p dir="ltr">Some of the major robotic surgery trends in 2024 include miniaturisation, AI-enhanced surgical planning, increased precision, and soft robotics. Data analysis, telesurgery, portable systems for underserved areas, and robot-assisted laparoscopic hysterectomy are also on the rise. Additionally, VR and AR are enhancing surgical training and real-time guidance, benefiting both surgeons and patients.</p><ol start="5"><li dir="ltr"><h3 dir="ltr">Who is the leader in robotic surgery?</h3></li></ol><p dir="ltr">Amrita Hospital, Kochi, is one of the&nbsp;<a href="https://www.amritahospitals.org/">leading hospitals in robotic surgery</a>. With the help of the most advanced technologies, the hospital sets a benchmark for excellence in robotic surgery.</p><p>&nbsp;</p>

<p>Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG) has long been a gold standard for treating coronary artery disease (CAD). Traditionally, CABG involves a sternotomy- a large incision through the breastbone to access the heart. While highly effective, this approach is invasive, comes with extended recovery periods (approximately 3 months), and carries a risk of complications - more pain, blood loss, and sternal wound dehiscence/breakdown. Minimally Invasive Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (MICS CABG)- a breakthrough technique that offers the benefits of bypass surgery while minimizing the trauma associated with traditional methods.</p><h2>What is MICS CABG?</h2><p>MICS CABG is a type of heart surgery for bypassing blocked arteries without the need for a full sternotomy. Instead of opening the entire chest, the surgeon makes a small incision (typically between 5-7 cm) on the left side of the chest, between the ribs. Using this incision, specialized instruments are used to perform the bypass procedure.</p><p>This method is performed under direct vision, meaning the surgeon can see the heart and the arteries but without the need for splitting the breastbone. The internal mammary artery or a vein from the leg or a radial artery from the left forearm is typically used to bypass the blocked artery, just as in traditional CABG.</p><p>Usually vein from the leg or Radial artery from the forearm is taken with the help of an endoscope (EVH Technique) which requires only a 2-3 cm long incision (surgical wound). It significantly reduces pain and blood loss/wound-related complications when compared to conventional surgery</p><h2>Key Advantages of MICS CABG for Heart Bypass Surgery</h2><ul><li><strong>Less Invasive: </strong>The most significant benefit of MICS CABG is that it avoids the large sternotomy incision. This results in less trauma to the chest wall and less disruption to the skeletal system.</li><li><strong>Faster Recovery Time: </strong>Without the need to break the breastbone, patients can often return to normal activities much quicker. Many patients are discharged from the hospital within a few days and can resume their daily routines in a few weeks compared to months of recovery following traditional CABG.</li><li><strong>Reduced Pain and Scarring:</strong> The smaller incision leads to less post-operative pain and smaller scars, which is a major concern for many patients.</li><li><strong>Lower Risk of Complications:</strong> Since there is no sternotomy, the risk of infection and complications related to bone healing is significantly reduced. The reduced trauma also leads to lower instances of post-operative bleeding.</li><li><strong>Better Aesthetic Results:</strong> A smaller incision on the side of the chest, often hidden under the breast or near the ribs, leads to a more cosmetically pleasing outcome, which can be important for patients concerned about visible scars in the front of the chest.</li></ul><h2>Procedure for minimally invasive CABG</h2><p>MICS CABG is typically performed while the heart continues to beat (off-pump).</p><p>Here's a step-by-step overview of the MICS CABG procedure:</p><ul><li><strong>Preoperative Planning:</strong> Detailed imaging is performed before surgery to identify the exact location and severity of the blockages in the coronary arteries.</li><li><strong>Small Incision:</strong> A small incision (usually 5-7 cm) is made on the left side of the chest, between the ribs.</li><li><strong>Grafting: </strong>The surgeon uses specialized tools to bypass the blocked arteries. Healthy vessels (commonly the internal mammary artery or saphenous vein/Radial artery) are grafted onto the coronary arteries to create a new pathway for blood flow.</li><li><strong>Off-Pump Surgery: </strong>Unlike conventional CABG, MICS CABG can be performed on a beating heart, eliminating the need for a heart-lung machine, which reduces potential complications associated with stopping the heart.</li><li><strong>Closure:</strong> After the grafting is complete, the incisions are closed, and the patient is moved to recovery.</li><li>The patient is usually extubated (removed from the ventilator and sedation) in a few hours.</li></ul><h2>Who is a Candidate for MICS CABG?</h2><p>Not all patients are candidates for MICS CABG. Ideal candidates typically include:</p><ul><li>Patients with single or two-vessel coronary artery disease.</li><li>Patients with multiple blocks but otherwise healthy coronary arteries</li><li>Those who have good overall health and are not very obese.</li><li>Patients who may not be suitable for full sternotomy due to other medical conditions.</li><li>Those who have a preference for minimally invasive techniques and understand the risks involved.</li><li>Patients with multiple complex blockages or those requiring more extensive revascularization may still need conventional CABG.</li></ul><h2>Risks and Limitations of MICS CABG</h2><ul><li>While MICS CABG offers many advantages, it is not without risks. Potential complications can include <strong>bleeding, infection, or issues with the grafts </strong>, though these risks are similar to traditional CABG.</li><li>When compared to conventional heart surgery, <strong>MICS CABG is more costly</strong> because it requires specialised instruments.</li><li>Additionally, this technique requires a<strong> highly skilled surgeon trained</strong> in minimally invasive techniques, and it may not be available in all medical centers.</li></ul><h2>Future of MICS CABG</h2><p>As technology continues to advance, the future of MICS CABG looks promising. Robotic-assisted MICS CABG, for instance, allows even greater precision and could make this technique accessible to more patients. The growing popularity of minimally invasive surgery across all medical fields is pushing innovation in cardiovascular surgery as well, with a focus on improving patient outcomes and reducing the overall impact of surgery on the body.</p><p>MICS CABG represents a significant leap forward in the treatment of coronary artery disease, offering a less invasive, safer, and more comfortable alternative to traditional open-heart surgery. While not all patients will qualify for this technique, those who do can benefit from faster recovery times, reduced pain, and a quicker return to daily life. As this procedure continues to evolve, it holds the potential to become a standard in cardiovascular care for the future.</p><p>For patients facing coronary bypass surgery, MICS CABG is certainly an option worth discussing with their healthcare provider. At Amrita Hospital we have best in class <a href="https://www.amritahospitals.org/kochi/department/cardiac-sciences/cardiovascular-and-thoracic-surgery">Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery</a> with specialised doctors and advanced facilities in India. Connect with our department for more details.&nbsp;</p>

<p dir="ltr">The skin, our body’s largest organ, serves as a complex and dynamic interface between the internal milieu and the external environment. It acts as a crucial barrier, safeguarding us against pathogens, dehydration, and harmful ultraviolet radiation. It regulates body temperature, facilitates sensation, and participates in vital metabolic processes.</p><p dir="ltr">However, this intricate organ is susceptible to a myriad of disorders, collectively termed skin diseases. These conditions can range from mild irritations to debilitating chronic ailments, significantly impacting an individual's physical, psychological, and social well-being.&nbsp;</p><p dir="ltr">This blog aims to provide a comprehensive and accessible resource on skin diseases, offering insights into their causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention.</p><h2 dir="ltr">What are Skin Diseases?&nbsp;</h2><p dir="ltr">Skin disease is a broad term encompassing a wide range of conditions that affect the skin, hair, and nails. These conditions can vary significantly in terms of their severity, underlying causes, and clinical manifestations. From minor irritations to chronic and debilitating disorders, skin diseases can impact individuals of all ages and backgrounds.</p><p dir="ltr">These conditions, which are characterised by alterations in skin texture, colour, or function, can arise from a variety of factors, including genetic predisposition, environmental exposures, infections, autoimmune processes, or systemic diseases.</p><p dir="ltr">Understanding the diverse spectrum of skin diseases is essential for early detection, appropriate management, and prevention.</p><h2 dir="ltr">The Most Common Skin Diseases in India</h2><p dir="ltr">The diverse climate and lifestyle in India could contribute to a unique range of skin diseases. We are about to read about some of the most prevalent ones:</p><ol><li dir="ltr"><h3 dir="ltr">Acne</h3></li></ol><p dir="ltr">Acne is one of the most common dermatological conditions, characterised by the presence of comedones, papules, pustules, and, in severe cases, nodules and cysts. It is primarily known to affect areas with a high density of sebaceous glands, such as the face, chest and back.</p><p dir="ltr">Acne can result from hormonal changes, bacterial colonisation and excessive sebum production.</p><ol start="2"><li dir="ltr"><h3 dir="ltr">Cellulitis&nbsp;</h3></li></ol><p dir="ltr">Cellulitis is a bacterial infection of the skin and subcutaneous tissues, often caused by streptococcus or staphylococcus species. It presents as a rapidly spreading erythematous, swollen and tender area, often accompanied by fever and malaise. Immediate antibiotic therapy is essential to prevent any further complications.</p><ol start="3"><li dir="ltr"><h3 dir="ltr">Eczema (Atopic Dermatitis)</h3></li></ol><p dir="ltr">Eczema is a chronic inflammatory skin condition characterised by pruritus, erythema, and scaling. Environmental factors, allergens, and stress can exacerbate it, typically affecting flexural areas. Emollients, topical corticosteroids, and trigger avoidance are all part of management.</p><ol start="4"><li dir="ltr"><h3 dir="ltr">Psoriasis</h3></li></ol><p dir="ltr">Psoriasis is a chronic autoimmune skin condition marked by well-defined erythematous plaques with silvery scales, commonly found on the scalp, elbows, and knees. An accelerated turnover of skin cells causes it, and it links to systemic conditions like psoriatic arthritis.</p><ol start="5"><li dir="ltr"><h3 dir="ltr">Fungal Infections</h3></li></ol><p dir="ltr">Dermatophytes, yeasts, or moulds cause fungal infections, also known as mycoses. Common presentations include tinea pedis, tinea corporis, and candidiasis. Diagnosis often involves clinical examination and fungal culture, with treatment including topical or systemic antifungal agents.</p><ol start="6"><li dir="ltr"><h3 dir="ltr">Vitiligo</h3></li></ol><p dir="ltr">The loss of melanocytes in Vitiligo, an autoimmune disorder, results in well-defined, depigmented patches on the skin. It can affect any body part and may be linked to other autoimmune diseases. Management may involve phototherapy, topical steroids, or skin grafting.</p><ol start="7"><li dir="ltr"><h3 dir="ltr">Pityriasis Versicolour</h3></li></ol><p dir="ltr">Malassezia species cause Pityriasis Versicolour, a superficial fungal infection that primarily causes hypopigmented or hyperpigmented macules on the trunk. Clinical appearance diagnoses it, and a KOH examination confirms it. In many cases, topical antifungals for systemic therapy are included in treatment.</p><ol start="8"><li dir="ltr"><h3 dir="ltr">Melasma</h3></li></ol><p dir="ltr">Melasma is a hyperpigmentation disorder characterised by symmetric, brownish macules that appear primarily on the face. Sun exposure, hormonal changes, or medications often trigger it. Pregnancy is recognised as the most common cause of melasma.</p><p dir="ltr">Treatment includes sun protection, topical depigmenting agents, and sometimes chemical peels or laser therapy.</p><ol start="9"><li dir="ltr"><h3 dir="ltr">Lupus</h3></li></ol><p dir="ltr">Lupus Erythematosus is an autoimmune skin disease with cutaneous manifestations, such as the characteristic malar rash, discoid lesions, and photosensitivity. It can also involve systemic organs. Diagnosis requires a combination of clinical evaluation and laboratory tests. Management includes immunosuppressive drugs and sun protection.</p><ol start="10"><li dir="ltr"><h3 dir="ltr">&nbsp;Ringworm</h3></li></ol><p dir="ltr">Ringworm, or Tinea Corporis, is a fungal infection that appears as an annular, scaly, erythematous plaque with a centre clearing. Clinical examination and mycological testing are conducted to diagnose this highly contagious disease. Antifungals are administered for treatment, either topically or systemically.</p><ol start="11"><li dir="ltr"><h3 dir="ltr">Rosacea</h3></li></ol><p dir="ltr">Rosacea is a chronic inflammatory skin condition characterised by face erythema, telangiectasia, papules, and pustules. Triggers include sunlight, hot beverages, and tension. Management focuses on avoiding triggers, applying topical therapies, and, in certain situations, administering oral antibiotics.</p><ol start="12"><li dir="ltr"><h3 dir="ltr">Shingles/Chickenpox</h3></li></ol><p dir="ltr">Shingles (Herpes Zoster) is a reactivation of the Varicella-zoster virus that produces a painful, vesicular rash along a dermatome. The primary infection, Chickenpox (Varicella), causes a generalised vesicular rash. Antiviral medication and supportive care are key components of treatment.</p><ol start="13"><li dir="ltr"><h3 dir="ltr">Warts</h3></li></ol><p dir="ltr">Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection causes Warts, which are benign skin growths. They appear as rough keratotic lesions, typically on the hands and feet. Cryotherapy, salicylic acid, and laser therapy are all viable treatment choices.</p><ol start="14"><li dir="ltr"><h3 dir="ltr">Skin Allergies</h3></li></ol><p dir="ltr">The immune system's reaction to allergens or irritations causes skin allergies, such as contact dermatitis. They manifest as pruritic, erythematous, and occasionally vesicular eruptions. Management consists of identifying and avoiding the allergen, as well as applying topical corticosteroids.</p><ol start="15"><li dir="ltr"><h3 dir="ltr">Skin Cancer</h3></li></ol><p dir="ltr">Skin Cancer is characterised by malignant growths like basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and melanoma. These lesions vary in form and can appear as new or changing moles, non-healing wounds, or irregularly coloured patches. Early detection and treatment are crucial for positive results.</p><h2 dir="ltr">Causes of Skin Diseases</h2><p dir="ltr">What causes skin diseases? That is something patients often ask us. Various internal or external factors can influence the health of the skin, making it a complex organ. Here are some common causes of skin diseases:</p><h3 dir="ltr">External Factors</h3><ul><li dir="ltr"><strong>Infections:</strong> Bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites can infect the skin and cause various diseases.</li><li dir="ltr"><strong>Allergies:</strong> Reactions to allergens like pollen, dust mites, or certain foods can lead to skin conditions like Eczema or Hives.</li><li dir="ltr"><strong>Irritants:</strong> Exposure to harsh chemicals, soaps, or other substances can irritate the skin and cause inflammation.</li><li dir="ltr"><strong>Sun exposure:</strong> Excessive ultraviolet radiation can damage the skin and contribute to skin cancer, premature ageing, and other conditions.</li></ul><h3 dir="ltr">Internal Factors</h3><ul><li dir="ltr"><strong>Immune system disorders:</strong> Conditions like Psoriasis and Lupus involve the immune system attacking healthy skin cells.</li><li dir="ltr"><strong>Hormonal imbalances:</strong> Hormonal changes can affect skin oil production and contribute to Acne, Eczema, and other conditions.</li><li dir="ltr"><strong>Genetic predisposition:</strong> Some skin diseases, like Psoriasis and Eczema, have a genetic component.</li><li dir="ltr"><strong>Underlying medical conditions:</strong> Diseases such as diabetes, kidney disease, and liver disease can affect skin health.</li><li dir="ltr"><strong>Medications:</strong> Certain drugs can cause skin reactions as side effects.</li></ul><p dir="ltr">It's important to note that the specific cause of skin disease can vary, and often multiple factors contribute to its development. If you're concerned about a skin condition, it's essential to consult a dermatologist for proper diagnosis and treatment. And our facility at the Amrita Hospital, Kochi has one of the most ideal&nbsp;<a href="https://www.amritahospitals.org/kochi/department/speciality-departments/dermatology">dermatology departments</a> in India.</p><h2 dir="ltr">Treatment and Management of Skin Diseases</h2><p dir="ltr">There are many skin diseases that are known to respond well to treatment. Depending on the health condition of your skin, your dermatologist may recommend various treatment methods:</p><h3 dir="ltr">Medical Treatments That Your Dermatologist Might Suggest</h3><ul><li dir="ltr">The treatment options for acne include topical medications, oral antibiotics, retinoids, and hormonal treatments.</li><li dir="ltr">Topical corticosteroids, moisturisers, and occasionally oral medications are used to treat Eczema.</li><li dir="ltr">There are three methods to cure Psoriasis: topical treatments, light therapy, and systemic medications.</li><li dir="ltr">For treating fungal infections, use antifungal creams or oral medications.</li><li dir="ltr">Treatment options for skin cancer include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, or immunotherapy.</li></ul><h3 dir="ltr">Lifestyle Modifications Your Doctor Might Recommend</h3><ul><li dir="ltr">Keeping the skin hydrated can help manage many skin conditions.</li><li dir="ltr">Protecting the skin from harmful UV rays is crucial.</li><li dir="ltr">Certain dietary changes may benefit some skin conditions.</li><li dir="ltr">Stress can exacerbate skin problems, so finding healthy ways to manage it is important.</li></ul><h3 dir="ltr">Common Treatments for Specific Skin Conditions</h3><p dir="ltr">While the exact treatment will depend on the specific diagnosis, here are some examples:</p><ul><li dir="ltr"><strong>For Acne:</strong> Topical medications, oral antibiotics, retinoids, and hormonal treatments.</li><li dir="ltr"><strong>In case of Eczema:</strong> Topical corticosteroids, moisturisers, and sometimes oral medications.</li><li dir="ltr"><strong>To cure Psoriasis:</strong> Topical treatments, light therapy, and systemic medications.</li><li dir="ltr"><strong>For treating fungal infections:</strong> Antifungal creams or oral medications.</li><li dir="ltr"><strong>As a treatment for skin cancer:</strong> Surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, or immunotherapy.</li></ul><p dir="ltr">It's essential to consult a&nbsp;<a href="https://www.amritahospitals.org/kochi/doctor/vinitha-varghese-panicker">dermatologist</a> for an accurate diagnosis and an appropriate treatment plan. They can recommend the best course of action based on the specific skin condition and its severity.</p><h2 dir="ltr">Diagnosis and Tests</h2><p dir="ltr">Now just in case you’re wondering how a skin disease is diagnosed? A doctor often diagnoses a skin condition or disease by examining your skin visually. And if visual examination doesn’t seem to give clear answers to your dermatologist, your healthcare provider might perform tests such as;</p><ul><li dir="ltr"><strong>Biopsy</strong>: Where a sample of skin tissue is removed for examination under a microscope. This test is often used to diagnose skin cancer and other serious skin conditions.</li><li dir="ltr"><strong>Culture:</strong> Where a sample of the skin is taken to identify bacteria, fungi or viruses causing certain infections.</li><li dir="ltr"><strong>Patch Test:&nbsp;Used to identify allergies by applying small amounts of substances to the skin.</strong></li><li dir="ltr"><strong>Wood’s Light Examination:&nbsp;</strong>Uses ultraviolet light to examine skin for specific conditions like fungal infections.</li><li dir="ltr"><strong>Diascopy:&nbsp;&nbsp;Where a glass slide is pressed against the skin to observe any colour changes.</strong></li><li dir="ltr"><strong>Dermoscopy:&nbsp;</strong>Where a handheld device is used to examine skin lesions in detail.</li></ul><h2 dir="ltr">When to See a Healthcare Provider?</h2><p dir="ltr">While many skin issues can be managed at home with over-the-counter treatments, there are also instances when you need to seek professional medical advice.</p><h3 dir="ltr">Seek Immediate Medical Attention If;</h3><ul><li dir="ltr">You’re experiencing&nbsp;<strong>severe allergic reactions.</strong> In cases of difficulty breathing, swelling of the face or throat, rapid heartbeat, etc.</li><li dir="ltr">You’ve had&nbsp;<strong>severe burns.&nbsp;</strong>If you just had extensive burns, blistering or charring.</li><li dir="ltr">You suspect&nbsp;<strong>skin cancer.</strong> Unexplained changes like a new or changing mole, a sore that just doesn’t heal, or unusual bleeding or itching.</li><li dir="ltr"><strong>Signs of infection</strong>. Redness, swelling, warmth, pus and fever.</li><li dir="ltr">If there is a&nbsp;<strong>sudden, severe skin&nbsp;</strong>rash that is accompanied by fever, chills, or joint pain.</li></ul><h3 dir="ltr">Also, Consider Seeing A Healthcare Provider If;</h3><ul><li dir="ltr"><strong>Persistent or worsening skin condition</strong>: Symptoms don’t seem to improve with over-the-counter treatments.</li><li dir="ltr"><strong>Unusual skin changes</strong>: New growths, moles or discolourations.</li><li dir="ltr"><strong>Itchy rash</strong>: That interferes with sleep or daily activities.</li><li dir="ltr"><strong>Painful skin condition</strong>: That limits daily activities.</li><li dir="ltr"><strong>Chronic skin conditions</strong>: Such as Eczema or Psoriasis, that require ongoing management.</li></ul><p dir="ltr">Early detection and treatment can often prevent skin conditions from worsening. If you have any concerns about your skin, it's always best to consult a health professional.</p><h2 dir="ltr">Comprehensive Care for Healthy Skin</h2><p dir="ltr">We have very well understood that our skin, a complex organ, safeguards our internal environment from external threats. Understanding the diverse range of skin diseases, their causes, and effective management is crucial for maintaining overall health. By recognising the signs and symptoms of skin problems and seeking timely medical attention, individuals can protect their skin and enhance their quality of life.</p><p dir="ltr">Experience the highest standard of dermatological care at the&nbsp;<a href="https://www.amritahospitals.org/kochi">best hospital in Kochi</a>. Our expert team of dermatologists is dedicated to providing personalised treatment plans tailored to your unique skin needs.&nbsp;</p><p dir="ltr">Whether you're dealing with Acne, Eczema, Psoriasis, or any other skin condition, we offer advanced therapies and cutting-edge technology to ensure the best possible outcomes. Schedule your consultation with our&nbsp;<a href="https://www.amritahospitals.org/kochi/doctors/dermatology">top-rated dermatology specialists</a> today!</p><p>&nbsp;</p>

Skin Disease - Symptoms, Treatment and Prevention

<h2>What is a Hair Transplant Surgery?</h2><p>A hair transplant is a cosmetic surgery designed to implant hair over the scalp, typically taken from the back of the head. This procedure is often sought after by individuals experiencing hair loss or thinning, aiming to restore a fuller head of hair.</p><h2>How is a Hair Transplant Done?</h2><p>The hair transplant procedure involves several steps:</p><p><strong>1. Harvesting Hair: </strong>The surgeon removes hair from the back of the head using small cuts. This area, known as the donor site, typically has more hair and is less prone to balding.</p><p><strong>2. Preservation:</strong> The harvested hair follicles are preserved in Platelet-Poor Plasma (PPP), prepared from the patient's own blood. PPP is believed to enhance the growth and health of the transplanted hair.</p><p><strong>3. Implantation:</strong> The preserved hair follicles are then implanted into the front of the scalp or other desired areas within 30 minutes. 4.15m lab activated PRP is injected on the carpet area.</p><h2><br>Types of Hair Transplant Surgeries</h2><p>There are two major types of hair transplant surgeries: Follicular Unit Strip Surgery (FUSS) and Follicular Unit Extraction (FUE). Both procedures are performed in the operation theatre under local anesthesia.</p><h3>1. Follicular Unit Strip Surgery (FUSS)</h3><ul><li>The surgeon removes a 25cmx10m strip of skin from the back of the head. The scalp is then sewn closed.</li><li>The strip of removed scalp is divided into 2,000 to 2500 tiny grafts, each containing one or a few hairs.</li><li>These grafts are then implanted into the bald or thinning areas.</li></ul><h3>2. Follicular Unit Extraction (FUE)</h3><ul><li>The surgeon shaves a section of the back of the scalp.</li><li>Hair follicles are removed one by one from this area.</li><li>The area heals with small dots, covered by existing hair.</li><li>The extracted follicles are then implanted into the desired areas.</li><li><p>Usually healthy 2s and 3s grafts are harvested.</p><p>Read More - <a href="https://www.amritahospitals.org/kochi/blog/comprehensive-scope-plastic-reconstructive-surgery">Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery</a></p><h2>Hair Transplant Procedure Details</h2><p>Once the hair is harvested, both FUSS and FUE procedures follow similar steps:</p></li><li>The surgeon cleans and numbs the area where the hair will be implanted. We mumb the front of the head with only 2 injections which are painless.</li><li>Holes or slits are created with a scalpel or needle.</li><li><p>Each graft is delicately placed into one of the holes.&nbsp;</p><p>We do around 2500 follicle implants in a day. The process takes about 4-8 hours, depending on the size of the transplant. Additional procedures may be required if hair loss continues or if a thicker head of hair is desired. Schedule an appointment with Amrita Hospital for an <a href="https://www.amritahospitals.org/kochi/department/plastic-and-reconstructive-surgery/hair-transplant">advanced hair transplant in Kerala.</a></p><h3>Duration of Effects</h3></li><li>The effects of a hair transplant are mostly permanent.</li><li><p>About 20% of transplanted hair may fall out within the first-month post-surgery, but this will regrow after three to four months.</p><h2>Post-Hair Transplant Surgery Recovery and Expectations</h2></li><li><strong>Natural Look: </strong>The transplanted hair will look natural and grow in the same direction as the existing hair. Hairline is wavy and single.</li><li><strong>Scars and Other Areas:</strong> Hair transplants can be done over scars and in regions like the eyebrows, mustache, or beard.</li><li><strong>Recovery Time: </strong>This is a daycare procedure with minimal downtime.</li><li><strong>Potential Complications: </strong>Post-surgery complications can include bleeding, infection, and swelling.</li><li><strong>Pain Management:</strong> The entire procedure is performed under local or regional anesthesia, minimizing pain during the surgery.</li><li><p><strong>Surgery Duration: </strong>The duration depends on the number of hairs needed to cover the area.&nbsp;</p><p>Read More - <a href="https://www.amritahospitals.org/kochi/blog/understanding-gynecomastia-surgical-insights-and-treatment-options">Symptoms &amp; Treatment of Gynecomastia</a></p><p>A hair transplant is a viable option for those looking to restore their hair and boost their confidence. With procedures like FUSS and FUE, patients can achieve natural-looking results with minimal recovery time. As with any medical procedure, it is essential to consult with a qualified <a href="https://www.amritahospitals.org/kochi/doctor/sundeep-vijayaraghavan">plastic and reconstructive surgeon</a> to understand the risks and benefits and determine the best approach for individual needs.<br>&nbsp;</p></li></ul>

From Bald to Bold: Everything You Need to Know About Hair Transplants

<h2><strong>What is mensuration or periods?&nbsp;</strong>&nbsp;&nbsp;</h2><p>Menstruation is normal vaginal bleeding that occurs as part of a woman's monthly cycle. The onset of menstruation is a sign that a female body is prepared for normal reproductive function.</p><h2><strong>What is menarche?</strong></h2><p>Menarche is the occurrence of the first menstrual period. It usually starts between the age of 11 and 14 and continues until menopause at about age 51. The length of a normal menstrual cycle is around 24-38 days with bleeding around 4-7 days. It is the result of the interaction between various hormones, that is the hypothalamic, pituitary, and ovarian hormones&nbsp;&nbsp;</p><h2><strong>How does mensuration happen?</strong>&nbsp;&nbsp;</h2><p>When ovulation is not followed by fertilization, the endometrium sheds its functional layer. The process is called mensuration.&nbsp;&nbsp;</p><h2><strong>Does a girl undergo physiological changes at the age of menarche?&nbsp;</strong>&nbsp;</h2><p>Yes. Physiological changes occur at the age of menarche.</p><ul><li>Generally, the first experience would be fear, shame, or embarrassment</li><li>Pain and severe cramps</li><li>Heaviness in the lower abdomen</li><li>Hygiene issues, infection</li><li>Anemia due to heavy bleeding</li><li>Lethargy&nbsp;&nbsp;</li></ul><h2><strong>What are the factors that affect the pattern of the period cycle?</strong>&nbsp;&nbsp;</h2><ul><li>Genetic factors&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li>Age of menarche&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li>Nutrition&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li>Race, Geographical location, and Environmental conditions&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li>Health status, Psychological factors&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li>Body Mass Index (BMI)&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li>Socio economic status&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li>Education and occupation of parents&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li>Loss of parents&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li>Child sexual abuse&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li>Physical stress and Smoking&nbsp; &nbsp;</li></ul><h2><strong>What is the Indian scenario about periods?&nbsp;</strong>&nbsp;</h2><ul><li>About 50% of girls in India know nothing about their period until they start their periods&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li>Only 18% of women of menstruating age have access to sanitary products&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li>82% lack awareness about menstrual hygiene&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li>Disposable pads are costly and not always available in rural areas. Only 5% of rural women can afford to buy disposable pads.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li></ul><h3><strong>How can we create awareness of menstrual hygiene in India?</strong>&nbsp;&nbsp;</h3><ul><li>Every girl should be taught about menstruation before their first period&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li>Girls should be educated by their mothers and teachers&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li>They can be taught about menstrual hygiene from the time of thelarche or the appearance of breast buds, pubic, and axillary hair&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li>Girls should be taught the need to change sanitary napkins every 4 to 6 hours&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li>They should know how to properly discard used sanitary napkins&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li>They should know to wash, wear clean and dry undergarments&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li>Those using clothes should know how to use clean clothes and change these at frequent intervals&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li>The clothes should be properly washed, dried, and stored in a clean and dry place&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li>Provide a separate storage facility to keep these clothes&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li>If clothes are not maintained properly, it will lead to the growth of microorganisms that cause infection&nbsp;&nbsp;</li></ul><h3><strong>What is the role of schools in creating awareness about menstrual hygiene?&nbsp;</strong>&nbsp;</h3><ul><li>Do not consider it a taboo subject&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li>Provide sufficient facilities to change and dispose of their menstrual products and clean themselves<strong>&nbsp;</strong>&nbsp;</li><li>Provide sanitation facilities that are safe. Ensure privacy&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li>Provide access to clean water, soap and dustbin&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li>Create an environment where a menstruating girl is treated respectfully&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li>It is prudent to integrate sex education into the school curriculum&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li>Create an environment where girls and boys learn about it at a very young age&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li>Schools can make facilities for sanitary napkin vending machines&nbsp;&nbsp;</li></ul><h2><strong>Menstrual hygiene tips&nbsp;</strong>&nbsp;</h2><ul><li>Change your pads frequently&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li>Try to use cotton sanitary pads&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li>Clean reusable pads properly&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li>Keep the perineal area clean&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li>Wear comfortable, clean underwear&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li>Use correct washing techniques&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li>Discard used sanitary pads properly&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li>Consult a gynaecologist in case of irregular or heavy bleeding&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li>Menstruation should be considered normal&nbsp;&nbsp;</li></ul><p><strong>Consult your doctor at Amrita Hospital for a detailed medical examination and treatment.&nbsp;&nbsp;</strong></p>

Mensuration And Mensural Hygiene

<h2>What is Karkidaka Chikitsa?</h2><p>Karkidaka Chikitsa refers to the Ayurvedic treatments and practices performed during the Malayalam month of Karkidakam, which corresponds to the monsoon season. This period is considered ideal for detoxifying and rejuvenating the body due to the high humidity and unique climatic conditions. The treatments focus on balancing the body's doshas (Vata, Pitta, and Kapha), enhancing immunity, and promoting overall well-being.</p><h2>Causes of Imbalance During Monsoon Season</h2><p>The transition from the hot summer to the humid monsoon season can significantly impact the body's strength and immunity. The sudden climatic changes can aggravate the Pitta dosha, leading to various ailments. According to Ayurveda, the increased humidity during monsoon drains out Ojas, the vital energy that sustains the body and mind, necessitating detoxification and rejuvenation treatments.</p><h2>Symptoms of Dosha Imbalance</h2><p>During the monsoon season, individuals may experience symptoms such as:</p><ul><li>Digestive issues</li><li>Skin problems</li><li>Respiratory ailments</li><li>Joint pain and stiffness</li><li>General fatigue and weakness</li></ul><h2>Diagnosis &amp; Tests in Ayurveda</h2><p>Ayurvedic practitioners diagnose dosha imbalances through a comprehensive assessment that includes:</p><ul><li>Observation of physical symptoms</li><li>Detailed patient history and lifestyle analysis</li></ul><h2>Ayurvedic Treatment &amp; Therapies for Monsoon Season</h2><p>Ayurvedic treatments during Karkidakam (Karkidaka Chikitsa) aim to detoxify and rejuvenate the body. Key treatments include:</p><ul><li><h3><strong>Panchakarma</strong></h3></li></ul><p>A five-fold detoxification therapy comprising Vamanam (emesis), Virechanam (purgation), Vasti (enema), Nasyam (nasal administration), and Raktamokshanam (bloodletting). These therapies target disease-causing elements and restore balance.</p><ul><li><h3><strong>Abhyanga</strong></h3></li></ul><p>Full-body oil massage to enhance circulation, detoxify the body, and relax the mind.</p><ul><li><h3><strong>Pizhichil</strong></h3></li></ul><p>Warm herbal oil therapy to improve muscle tone and alleviate pain.</p><ul><li><h3><strong>Snehapana</strong></h3></li></ul><p>Internal administration of medicated ghee for detoxification.</p><ul><li><h3><strong>Dhara</strong></h3></li></ul><p>Continuous pouring of herbal oils or decoctions on the forehead to relieve stress and improve mental clarity.</p><ul><li><h3><strong>Swedana Karma&nbsp;</strong></h3></li></ul><p>It involves heat and steam to induce sweating .Various types of swedana includes Nadi swedana,Pinda sweda [Using warm bolus or herb for steam]and Bashpa swedana [Steam bath]</p><h2>Prevention and Lifestyle Adjustments Needed During Monsoon&nbsp;</h2><p>To maintain health during the monsoon season, Ayurveda recommends:</p><ul><li>Following a light and easily digestible diet</li><li>Avoiding heavy, oily, and spicy foods</li><li>Drinking warm water and herbal teas</li><li>Practicing regular yoga and meditation</li><li>Maintaining personal hygiene to prevent infections</li></ul><h2>How Amrita Hospital Supports Monsoon Wellness</h2><p>At Amrita Hospital, Kochi, we offer specialized Ayurvedic treatment packages designed for the monsoon season. Our experienced <a href="https://www.amritahospitals.org/kochi/doctors/integrative-medicine">Ayurvedic physicians</a> tailor these packages to meet individual needs, ranging from five to twenty-eight days. Our treatments focus on rejuvenating the body, enhancing immunity, and promoting holistic well-being. Additionally, we provide dietary counselling to help patients adopt a monsoon-appropriate diet, including the consumption of Karkidaka Kanji, a medicinal gruel made from Njavara rice and herbs.</p><img src="/sites/default/files/inline-images/Karkidaka%20chikitsa%20Package%20amrita%20hospital%20kochi.jpg" data-entity-uuid="97ac66fa-3f09-4e2d-aeb7-e1c1f0344a21" data-entity-type="file" alt="Karkidaka Chikitsa package amrita hospital kochi" width="500" height="707"><blockquote><p><strong>Special Karkidaka Chikitsa Package</strong> <strong>From Amrita Hospital&nbsp;</strong></p></blockquote><p><strong>Duration:</strong> Till September 13th 2024</p><p><strong>Karkidaka Chikitsa Package Details:-</strong><br>Abhyangam (Oil Massage) and Swedanam (Steam Bath)&nbsp;</p><p><strong>Available Karkidaka Chikitsa Packages:</strong> 3 days and 5 days package</p><p><strong>Karkidaka Chikitsa Package Price:</strong></p><ul><li>Abhyangam (Oil Massage) and Swedanam (Steam Bath) for 3 days - <strong>2990/- only</strong></li><li>Abhyangam (Oil Massage) Swedanam (Steam Bath) for 5 days -<strong> 4990/-only</strong></li></ul><p><strong>CONTACT US:</strong> <a href="tel:9447560011">9447560011</a> (Integrative medicine)<br>&nbsp;</p><p>Read more about other wellness programs: <a href="https://www.amritahospitals.org/kochi/blog/naturopathy-treatment-obesity-and-weight-loss">Naturopathy for Weight Loss</a></p><h2>FAQ</h2><h3>Why is Karkidakam considered the best time for Ayurvedic treatments?&nbsp;</h3><p>Karkidakam, with its high humidity and cool weather, is ideal for Ayurvedic treatments as the body's pores open up, allowing better absorption of herbal oils and therapies. It is also a time when the body is more receptive to detoxification and rejuvenation.</p><h3>What is Karkidaka Kanji, and how does it benefit health?&nbsp;</h3><p>Karkidaka Kanji is a medicinal gruel made from Njavara rice and various herbs. It helps boost immunity, detoxify the body, and improve overall health during the monsoon season.</p><h3>How long should one undergo Karkidaka Chikitsa?&nbsp;</h3><p>The duration of Karkidaka Chikitsa can vary from five to twenty-eight days, depending on individual health needs and the specific treatment package chosen.</p><h3>Can Ayurvedic treatments during Karkidakam help with weight loss?&nbsp;</h3><p>Yes, Ayurvedic treatments during Karkidakam can aid in weight loss by detoxifying the body, improving metabolism, and promoting a balanced diet and lifestyle.</p><h3>Are there any dietary restrictions during Karkidaka Chikitsa?&nbsp;</h3><p>Yes, it is recommended to follow a light, easily digestible, and predominantly vegetarian diet during Karkidaka Chikitsa to enhance the detoxification process and maintain balance.</p>

Karkidaka Chikitsa: The Ayurvedic Approach to Monsoon Wellness

<p>In a world where weight gain and obesity have become increasingly prevalent, naturopathy offers a holistic and natural approach to address these issues. This traditional practice emphasizes the equilibrium between the mind, body, and spirit while focusing on the principles of holistic healing. Naturopathy seeks to restore balance and enable long-term weight loss by focusing on the underlying causes of weight growth and obesity. This drugless system is useful for many people suffering with weight issues.</p><h2>Recognizing the Sources of Weight Gain</h2><p>Understanding the underlying reasons for weight gain and obesity is essential before getting into therapies. Sedentary lifestyles, unhealthy dietary habits, stress, hormonal imbalances, and genetic factors contribute to the rise in weight-related issues. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naturopathy">Naturopathy</a> understands how crucial it is to deal with these underlying causes if you want to encourage long-term weight management and efficient weight loss.<br>&nbsp;</p><h2>Dietary Contribution to Naturopathic Weight Loss</h2><p>Naturopathy focuses on food as medicine, natural foods are capable of controlling your body to lead a healthy life. How does food which are natural and not processed help people to maintain a healthy life. There are five ways to do so.</p><p>Panchatantra/Five ways to healthy life -to maintain health in Naturopathy by DR BS Venkita Rao says:</p><ul><li>Eat 2 meals a day</li><li>5 liters of water daily</li><li>Prayer/Read twice a day</li><li>Exercise/Yoga one-hour daily</li><li>Fast once in week.</li></ul><p>The core component of naturopathy's strategy for managing obesity and weight reduction is diet. The method focuses on eating nutrient-dense, fresh, organic, and locally produced foods devoid of artificial additives. Whole grains, fruits, vegetables, nuts, seeds, and legumes make up most of the diet. It promotes cutting back on processed foods, refined carbohydrates, unhealthy fats, and too much salt. Naturopathy also strongly emphasizes mindful eating and staying hydrated and includes foods and spices that promote healthy digestion, metabolism, and detoxification.&lt;/p&gt;<br>&nbsp;</p><h2>Healing Therapies for Weight Loss</h2><p>Naturopathy offers a range of healing therapies that contribute to weight loss and obesity management. These therapies include:</p><ul><li><strong>Hydrotherapy:</strong> Using water in several ways, including baths, showers, and compresses, to stimulate detoxification, boost circulation, and speed up metabolism.</li><li><strong>Mud Therapy: </strong>Applying therapeutic mud packs to the body to promote lymphatic system stimulation and help eliminate toxins.</li><li><strong>Yoga:</strong> Incorporating physical poses, Pranayama, and meditation to encourage mindfulness, lower stress levels, and improve bodily awareness.</li></ul><h2>Lifestyle Modifications for Sustainable Results</h2><p>Lifestyle modifications are necessary for obesity management and sustainable weight loss. Naturopathy emphasizes living an active lifestyle that involves regular exercise, such as walking, or yoga. It inspires people to embrace movement and incorporate exercise into their everyday lives. Since stress may lead to emotional eating and weight gain, controlling stress levels through meditation, deep breathing exercises, and relaxation techniques is essential. Adequate and quality sleep is also emphasized, as it is vital in regulating metabolism, hormonal balance, and overall well-being. Sleep is as important as food, water and exercise. Follow the policy of early to bed early to rise, maintaining a systematic sleep pattern of 7-8 hrs of sleep.</p><p>Naturopathy provides a natural, comprehensive approach to managing obesity and weight loss. People may lose weight permanently, improve their well-being, and enjoy a better and more fulfilling life by treating the underlying reasons, adopting a balanced diet, changing their lifestyles, fasting, hydrotherapy, treatments like plain water enema, steam /sauna bath or by mud therapy, manipulative therapy, diet therapy etc.</p><h2>How Does Amrita Hospital Support Naturopathy for Obesity and Weight Loss?</h2><p>Amrita Hospital provides comprehensive naturopathy programs for obesity and weight loss. Our experienced naturopathic practitioners offer personalized treatment plans, including dietary guidelines, and lifestyle modifications tailored to individual needs. With a focus on holistic healing, the <a href="https://www.amritahospitals.org/kochi">best hospital in Kerala</a> ensures sustainable weight loss and improved overall well-being for our patients.</p><h2>FAQ</h2><h3>Q: How long does it take to see results with naturopathy for weight loss?</h3><p>A: Results vary based on individual health conditions and adherence to the treatment plan. Positive changes can be observed within a few weeks of consistent practice.</p><h3>Q: Can naturopathy help with weight loss if I have a genetic predisposition to obesity?</h3><p>A: Yes, naturopathy addresses the underlying causes of weight gain, including genetic factors, and provides holistic treatments to manage weight effectively.</p><h3>Q: Are there any side effects of naturopathy treatments for weight loss?</h3><p>A: Naturopathy uses natural methods which typically have minimal to no side effects. However, it is essential to consult with a qualified <a href="https://www.amritahospitals.org/kochi/doctor/radhika-f">naturopathic practitioner</a> for personalized guidance. Naturopathy is a way of life. It is to promote the natural way of healing by following nature's law. No medicines are used in Naturopathy. Food is the best medicine.</p><p>Disease occurs when the body is unable to purify the morbid matters and poisons inside the body formed from the bad lifestyle. To become healthy, eliminative treatments are given in the form of Fasting, Hydrotherapy, treatments like Plain water enema, Steam /sauna bath or by Mud therapy, Manipulative therapy, Diet therapy etc.</p><h3>Q: Can I continue my regular medications while undergoing naturopathy treatment?</h3><p>A: It is crucial to inform your naturopathic practitioner about any existing medications. They will provide guidance on integrating naturopathy with your current treatments safely. Yes, they can continue the medication, it is safe. And the doctor may slowly taper the medication if the patient is stable without it.</p><h3><br>Q: Is naturopathy suitable for children and adolescents struggling with obesity?</h3><p>A: Naturopathy can be adapted for children and adolescents, focusing on safe and natural methods to manage weight and promote overall health. Consultation with a qualified practitioner is essential for age-appropriate treatments.</p><p>Since Naturopathy is a way of life, it can be adapted from the childhood itself. The children can be brought up with Naturopathy diets with natural homemade foods-avoiding junks, giving less medicines, focusing on natural healing, following rules of Panchatantra- (above described) to make themselves disciplined in their lifestyle. Those children will not have any kind of health issues including obesity or can be managed easily.</p>

Naturopathy Treatment for Obesity and Weight Loss

<p dir="ltr">Tubectomy, also known as tubal ligation, is a surgical procedure performed to achieve permanent contraception in women. During this procedure, the fallopian tubes, which carry eggs from the ovaries to the uterus, are blocked or sealed to prevent sperm from reaching the egg and fertilisation from occurring. This renders pregnancy highly unlikely.&nbsp;</p><p dir="ltr">Understanding the intricacies of tubectomy surgery is very important for those considering this permanent method of birth control.</p><h2 dir="ltr"><strong>What is a Tubectomy?</strong></h2><p dir="ltr">Many of us are still trying to understand the meaning of tubectomy in its entirety. Tubectomy, commonly referred to as tubal ligation, is a form of female sterilisation aimed at providing a permanent solution to birth control.</p><p dir="ltr">As mentioned before, the procedure involves disrupting the pathway of the fallopian tubes to prevent eggs from travelling from the ovaries to the uterus.</p><h2 dir="ltr"><strong>Why is a Tubectomy Performed?</strong></h2><p dir="ltr">Tubectomy is a safe and effective option for women who are certain they do not want to become pregnant in the future. Here are some common reasons why women choose tubectomy:</p><ul><li dir="ltr">They do not desire any more children.</li><li dir="ltr">They have medical conditions that make pregnancy high-risk.</li><li dir="ltr">There are genetic concerns they wish to avoid passing on to their offspring.</li></ul><h2 dir="ltr"><strong>Types of Tubectomy Procedures</strong></h2><p dir="ltr">There are two main types of tubectomy procedures:</p><ul><li dir="ltr"><strong>Laparoscopic Tubectomy:</strong> This minimally invasive procedure is the most common type of tubectomy. A laparoscope, a thin, lighted instrument, is inserted through a small incision in the abdomen. The surgeon views the internal organs on a monitor and uses small instruments inserted through other incisions to block or seal the fallopian tubes.</li><li dir="ltr"><strong>Minilaparotomy Tubectomy:</strong> This procedure involves a slightly larger incision in the lower abdomen to access the fallopian tubes for blocking or sealing. It is less common than a laparoscopic tubectomy.</li></ul><h2 dir="ltr"><strong>Who Performs Tubectomy Surgery?</strong></h2><p dir="ltr">Tubectomy surgery is typically performed by an obstetrician-gynaecologist (OB-GYN), a physician specialising in women's reproductive health.</p><p dir="ltr"><strong>Important Considerations Before Undergoing Tubectomy Surgery</strong></p><p dir="ltr">A tubectomy is a permanent procedure. It is crucial to understand the implications before making a decision. Here are some key considerations:</p><ul><li dir="ltr"><strong>Finality:</strong> Tubectomy is a permanent form of birth control. While reversal procedures exist, they are complex, expensive, and not always successful.</li><li dir="ltr"><strong>Alternatives:</strong> Discuss other birth control options with your doctor, including reversible methods like hormonal contraceptives or intrauterine devices (IUDs).</li><li dir="ltr"><strong>Future Desires:</strong> Consider the possibility of wanting children in the future. Discuss adoption or fostering if desired.</li><li dir="ltr"><strong>Medical Conditions:</strong> Inform your doctor of any pre-existing medical conditions that could impact surgery or recovery.</li></ul><h2 dir="ltr"><strong>Procedures During Tubectomy Surgery</strong></h2><p dir="ltr">The specific steps involved in tubectomy surgery will vary depending on the chosen method (laparoscopic or minilaparotomy). However, some general steps apply:</p><ol><li dir="ltr"><strong>Preoperative Preparation:</strong> This includes blood tests, imaging studies, and discussing anaesthesia options with your doctor.</li><li dir="ltr"><strong>Anaesthesia:</strong> You will receive either&nbsp;<a href="https://www.amritahospitals.org/kochi/department/speciality-departments/anesthesiology-and-critical-care">general anaesthesia</a> (putting you to sleep) or local anaesthesia with sedation.</li><li dir="ltr"><strong>Procedure:</strong> In laparoscopy, a laparoscope is inserted, and the fallopian tubes are blocked or sealed using various techniques like clipping, banding, or cauterization. In minilaparotomy, a larger incision is used to access the fallopian tubes for similar blocking or sealing procedures.</li><li dir="ltr"><strong>Closure:</strong> Incisions are closed with sutures or staples.</li></ol><h2 dir="ltr"><strong>Post-surgery Care and Recovery</strong></h2><p dir="ltr">Following tubectomy surgery, you can expect:</p><ul><li dir="ltr"><strong>Hospital Stay:</strong> You may stay in the hospital for a few hours or overnight, depending on the procedure and your recovery.</li><li dir="ltr"><strong>Pain Management:</strong> Your doctor will prescribe pain medication to manage discomfort.</li><li dir="ltr"><strong>Recovery at Home:</strong> Expect some soreness and cramping for a few days. Rest is advised, and strenuous activity should be avoided for a week or two.</li><li dir="ltr"><strong>Follow-up Appointments:</strong> Schedule follow-up appointments with your doctor to monitor healing and discuss any concerns.</li></ul><h2 dir="ltr"><strong>Side Effects of Tubectomy</strong></h2><p dir="ltr">Tubectomy, also known as<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tubal_ligation"> tubal ligation</a> or sterilisation, is a permanent method of birth control for women. During this procedure, the fallopian tubes, which carry eggs from the ovaries to the uterus, are blocked or sealed to prevent sperm from reaching the egg and fertilisation from occurring. This renders pregnancy highly unlikely.</p><p dir="ltr">A tubectomy is a safe and effective procedure, but like any surgery, it does carry some potential side effects. Here's a breakdown of the most common ones:</p><ul><li dir="ltr"><strong>Infection:</strong> As with any surgery, there's a slight risk of infection at the incision site. This can be minimised by following the proper post-surgical care instructions provided by your doctor.</li><li dir="ltr"><strong>Bleeding:</strong> Some vaginal bleeding is normal after tubectomy surgery. However, heavy or prolonged bleeding should be reported to your doctor.</li><li dir="ltr"><strong>Pelvic pain:</strong> You may experience some cramping or pelvic pain after surgery. This is usually temporary and can be managed with pain medication.</li><li dir="ltr"><strong>Damage to nearby organs:</strong> There's a very small risk of damage to nearby organs, such as the intestines or bladder, during surgery.</li><li dir="ltr"><strong>Ectopic pregnancy:</strong> An ectopic pregnancy is a rare but serious complication that can occur after any type of permanent birth control surgery, including tubectomy. In an ectopic pregnancy, the fertilised egg implants outside the uterus, typically in the fallopian tube. This is a medical emergency and requires prompt treatment.</li></ul><p dir="ltr"><strong>Important to Note:</strong></p><ul><li dir="ltr">The chance of experiencing any of these side effects is relatively low.</li><li dir="ltr">If you experience any severe or persistent side effects after tubectomy surgery, be sure to contact your doctor right away.</li></ul><p dir="ltr"><strong>Additional Considerations</strong></p><ul><li dir="ltr">A tubectomy is a permanent procedure. While reversal procedures do exist, they are complex, expensive, and not always successful.</li><li dir="ltr">Discuss all your birth control options with your doctor, including reversible methods like hormonal contraceptives or intrauterine devices (IUDs).</li><li dir="ltr">If you are considering a tubectomy, it is important to weigh the benefits and risks carefully and make sure it is the right decision for you.</li></ul><h2 dir="ltr"><strong>Difference Between Tubectomy and Vasectomy</strong></h2><p dir="ltr">It's important to distinguish tubectomy from vasectomy, a permanent birth control procedure for men. Vasectomy involves cutting or sealing the vas deferens, the tubes that carry sperm from the testicles to the urethra.&nbsp; The primary difference lies in the gender and the specific reproductive pathways that are altered.&nbsp;</p><p dir="ltr">Both procedures are highly effective in preventing pregnancy, but tubectomy is performed on women and vasectomy on men.</p><h2 dir="ltr"><strong>Tubectomy: Weighing the Benefits and Your Well-Being</strong></h2><p dir="ltr">Understanding the potential side effects of tubectomy is crucial before making a decision about this permanent birth control method. While the risks are relatively low, it's important to be informed and discuss any concerns with your doctor. Remember, a tubectomy is a powerful choice for your future family planning. By carefully considering the benefits, risks, and alternative options, you can confidently choose the path that best aligns with your health and well-being.</p><h2 dir="ltr"><strong>Ready to Discuss Your Birth Control Options?</strong></h2><p dir="ltr">For a personalised consultation about tubectomy or other birth control methods, contact the esteemed&nbsp;<a href="https://www.amritahospitals.org/kochi/department/cancer-centre/gynecologic-oncology-division">gynaecology department</a> at&nbsp;<a href="https://www.amritahospitals.org/kochi">Amrita Hospital, Kochi</a>. Our board-certified OB-GYNs offer comprehensive consultations and compassionate care to help you make informed decisions about your reproductive health.&nbsp;</p><p dir="ltr"><a href="https://www.amritahospitals.org/kochi/book-appointment"><strong>Schedule an appointment today</strong></a> and take charge of your future!</p><h2 dir="ltr"><strong>FAQ’s&nbsp;</strong></h2><ol><li dir="ltr"><h3 dir="ltr"><strong>How long does a tubectomy surgery take?</strong></h3></li></ol><p dir="ltr">The tubectomy surgery takes between thirty and sixty minutes. Its accurate duration depends on the specific method used and individual patient circumstances. For instance, a laparoscopic tubectomy usually takes around 30 to 45 minutes, while a mini-laparotomy can take 30 to 60 minutes.</p><ol start="2"><li dir="ltr"><h3 dir="ltr"><strong>How soon can I resume normal activities after tubectomy surgery?</strong></h3></li></ol><p dir="ltr">Most women can resume normal activities within a week after tubectomy surgery. However, it’s recommended to avoid strenuous activities, heavy lifting, and vigorous exercise for a few weeks to allow for complete healing. Always follow your doctor's specific post-operative care instructions.</p><ol start="3"><li dir="ltr"><h3 dir="ltr"><strong>Will I be experiencing pain after surgery?</strong></h3></li></ol><p dir="ltr">Some pain and discomfort are common after tubectomy surgery, particularly around the incision site. This pain is usually mild to moderate and can be managed with over-the-counter pain relievers or prescribed medications. The discomfort typically subsides within a few days.</p><ol start="4"><li dir="ltr"><h3 dir="ltr"><strong>Can I get pregnant after a tubectomy?</strong></h3></li></ol><p dir="ltr">Pregnancy after a tubectomy is extremely rare due to the high effectiveness of the procedure. However, in very rare cases, if the fallopian tubes grow back together, pregnancy can occur. An ectopic pregnancy, where the fertilised egg implants outside the uterus, is also a rare risk if the procedure fails.</p><ol start="5"><li dir="ltr"><h3 dir="ltr"><strong>Do you still have periods after a tubectomy?</strong></h3></li></ol><p dir="ltr">Yes, you will continue to have periods after a tubectomy. The procedure does not affect the&nbsp;<a href="https://www.amritahospitals.org/kochi/blog/mensuration-and-mensural-hygiene">menstrual&nbsp;</a>cycle; it only prevents pregnancy by blocking the fallopian tubes. Your menstrual cycle will continue as usual.</p><ol start="6"><li dir="ltr"><h3 dir="ltr"><strong>Does tubectomy cause weight gain?</strong></h3></li></ol><p dir="ltr">No, tubectomy does not cause weight gain. The procedure involves only the fallopian tubes and does not interfere with hormonal balance or metabolism, which are factors that could affect weight.</p><ol start="7"><li dir="ltr"><h3 dir="ltr"><strong>Are there any side effects of tubectomy?</strong></h3></li></ol><p dir="ltr">While tubectomy is generally safe, it can have some side effects and complications, including:</p><ul><li dir="ltr">Pain and discomfort around the incision site</li><li dir="ltr">Infection at the incision site</li><li dir="ltr">Internal or external bleeding</li><li dir="ltr">Rarely, ectopic pregnancy if the procedure fails</li><li dir="ltr">Brings about changes in menstrual cycles, but tubectomy does not stop periods.</li><li dir="ltr">Potential risks associated with the use of anaesthesia</li></ul><ol start="8"><li dir="ltr"><h3 dir="ltr"><strong>Is tubectomy 100% safe?</strong></h3></li></ol><p dir="ltr">Tubectomy is considered very safe, but like any surgical procedure, it is not without risks. Potential complications, though rare, can include infection, bleeding, adverse reactions to anaesthesia, and ectopic pregnancy. It is important to discuss all potential risks and benefits with your healthcare provider before undergoing the procedure.</p>

Tubectomy Surgery: Types, Procedure, and Recovery

<p>Diabetes is a major health concern in India, particularly among individuals over the age of 45. Many people with diabetes also suffer from hypertension and related complications, such as diabetic retinopathy, <a href="https://www.amritahospitals.org/kochi/department/speciality-departments/nephrology">kidney disease</a>, heart attacks, strokes, and <a href="https://www.amritahospitals.org/kochi/department/neurosciences/neurology">neuropathies</a>. Among these, managing diabetic retinopathy is crucial due to several reasons.&nbsp;</p><h2>The Silent Threat of Diabetic Retinopathy&nbsp;</h2><p>Diabetic retinopathy is often asymptomatic in its early stages, meaning individuals may not realize their eyes are affected until significant vision loss occurs. Early detection and treatment are critical. Here's why:&nbsp;</p><p><strong>Asymptomatic Onset: </strong>In the initial stages, diabetic retinopathy doesn't present symptoms. By the time vision starts to deteriorate, the condition may have already progressed significantly.&nbsp;</p><p><strong>Window of Opportunity:</strong> Early intervention within six months to a year can preserve vision for life. Delayed treatment, however, can result in permanent blindness.&nbsp;</p><p><strong>Permanent Vision Loss: </strong>Once vision loss occurs in diabetic retinopathy, it is often irreversible.</p><h2>&nbsp;Diabetic Retinopathy: Screening and Diagnosis&nbsp;</h2><p>India's large population includes a substantial number of diabetics requiring annual screening. Even those without symptoms should undergo yearly eye examinations to detect any signs of diabetic retinopathy early. The screening process involves dilating the eyes and examining the retina for diabetic retinopathy or similar issues.&nbsp;</p><h3>Grading Diabetic Retinopathy&nbsp;</h3><p>Once diabetic retinopathy is diagnosed, it is graded by a specialist using techniques like fluorescein angiography and optical coherence tomography (OCT). Diabetic retinopathy is broadly categorized into:</p><p><strong>&nbsp;Non-Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy (NPDR): </strong>This is further subdivided into mild, moderate, severe, and very severe stages based on morphological examinations.&nbsp;</p><p><strong>Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy (PDR):</strong> This advanced stage involves new blood vessel growth, which can lead to bleeding, retinal detachment, or neovascular glaucoma, causing permanent blindness.&nbsp;</p><h2>Effective Treatment Approaches for Diabetic Retinopathy&nbsp;</h2><h3>Early Stages (Mild to Moderate NPDR)&nbsp;</h3><p>In the early stages, managing diabetes effectively is crucial. This includes controlling blood sugar levels (HbA1c around 7%), cholesterol, triglycerides, and blood pressure. Regular follow-ups (yearly or every six months) are recommended to monitor progression.&nbsp;</p><h2>Advanced Stages (PDR and Severe NPDR)&nbsp;</h2><p>Treatment for advanced stages may involve:&nbsp;</p><p><strong>Intravitreal Injections: </strong>Anti-VEGF injections are administered directly into the eye to reduce edema and prevent vision loss. These injections are typically painless and performed under topical anesthesia. Patients may require multiple injections over several years, with the frequency decreasing over time if metabolic control is maintained.&nbsp;</p><p><strong>Laser Photocoagulation:</strong> This procedure involves applying laser spots to the retina to reduce neovascularization. Unlike injections, the effects of laser treatment are often permanent, making it a crucial intervention for proliferative diabetic retinopathy.&nbsp;</p><p><strong>Surgery:</strong> In cases of severe bleeding or traction retinal detachment, vitrectomy surgery may be necessary to remove the blood or reattach the retina.&nbsp;</p><h2>Managing Diabetic Macular Edema&nbsp;</h2><p>Diabetic macular edema (DME) occurs when fluid accumulates in the macula, the central part of the retina. Treatment involves:&nbsp;</p><p><strong>OCT Scans:</strong> These scans measure retinal thickness to determine the need for treatment.&nbsp;</p><p><strong>Intravitreal Injections: </strong>Injections are administered to reduce edema, with multiple injections often required initially, followed by fewer injections as the condition stabilizes.&nbsp;</p><p><strong>Patient Monitoring: </strong>Regular follow-ups are essential to monitor and manage edema, adjusting treatment as necessary.&nbsp;</p><h3>Addressing Patient Concerns&nbsp;</h3><p>Patients often have questions about the timing and number of injections. Early treatment is crucial for better outcomes, with studies indicating the need for approximately 8-9 injections in the first year, decreasing in subsequent years if metabolic control is maintained. Injections are generally safe, with minor side effects such as redness or small bleeds at the injection site.&nbsp;</p><p>With proper management, including regular screening, early intervention, and ongoing treatment, over 90-95% of patients with diabetic retinopathy can maintain good vision throughout their lives. Awareness and proactive healthcare are key to preventing the severe complications associated with diabetic retinopathy.</p>

Understanding and Managing Diabetic Retinopathy: A Comprehensive Guide

<h2>Introduction to Gynecomastia</h2><p>The shyness in some adolescents is not always psychological, but sometimes is due to physical inadequacies. Man boobs or gynecomastia is one of the difficult situations a person faces especially when going to hostels. Adolescents with very small ones are mainly counselled and in a good number of them, it will subside by the time they are 18 years old.</p><p>Surgical correction is the cornerstone of the treatment when reversal is not obtained with medication. I remember my second year in surgical residency training where a young lad with bilateral gynecomastia was operated upon. The incisions looked like the Greek alphabet "Omega'' and extended onto the chest skin on either side of the nipple and areola. The gland and the fat around it was removed. But even with time, there was a 'stepping' and an operated look for the patient. Thankfully, those days are long gone.</p><p>As plastic surgeons, we were taught that gynecomastia is an overgrowth of the breast gland with or without fat around. Breast growth with only fat is called lipomastia. But in these people also the physical inadequacies are there. Some are able to overcome them with diet and exercises.</p><h2><br>Diagnosis and Treatment Approaches for Gynecomastia</h2><p><br>It is very easy to identify gynecomastia with just a physical examination. In case there is still any doubt, a simple ultrasound can help clinch the diagnosis.</p><p>At Amrita, gynecomastia is initially diagnosed with clinical examinations. Sometimes, ultrasound (USG) and blood investigations are conducted to check for hormonal abnormalities. Gynecomastia is graded into 1, 2A, 2B, and C grades based on the position of the nipple and the presence or absence of excess skin. Grade 1 and Grade 2A are treated with liposuction and gland excision using a 6 mm incision, usually at the border of the areola and skin. The liposuction ensures a uniform skin thickness and eliminates the prominent inframammary fold. The procedure extends from the collarbone to the edge of the rib cage and from the midline to the lateral chest wall.</p><p>High-definition liposuction is performed for individuals desiring a chiseled, masculine look. All areas needing good definition, such as the borders of the pectoralis major and deltoid muscles, receive very superficial liposuction. This technique is also applied in the midline of the abdomen. Fat is harvested from the lateral chest wall using syringe liposuction, filtered, and injected under the borders of the pectoralis major muscle to achieve a well-shaped chest wall. There are no separate incisions for the liposuction, which helps avoid symmetric scars and an operated appearance.</p><h3>Specialized Techniques for Grade 2B and Grade 3</h3><p>In grade 2B cases where there is an excess of skin, Radio frequency energy is delivered through an Embrace RF Bodytite machine, which gives a good shrinkage of the skin. Here also the same 6 mm incision is usually adequate. Sometimes, skin taping is also done to lift up droopy nipples. It is placed for a week or two.</p><p>In grade three gynecomastia, we perform liposuction followed by doughnut excision of the skin and sometimes the excess of the areola. Special sutures are used to prevent scar widening.</p><p><br><a href="https://www.amritahospitals.org/kochi/department/plastic-and-reconstructive-surgery/lymphedema-clinic">Manual lymphatic drainage</a> is started on the second day and continued for 10 days. All patients wear pressure garments for a month. In people who get high-definition liposuction contours are enhanced with a sponge kept under the pressure garment for a week. Lifting of heavy weight is not to be done for 3 weeks and pressure garments are to be worn for one month. Exercises may be started after 6 weeks. 80% of the swelling goes off in 3 weeks and the final result is seen after 3 months.</p>

Understanding Gynecomastia: Surgical Insights and Treatment Options

<p><a href="https://www.amritahospitals.org/kochi/department/centres-excellences/plastic-and-reconstructive-surgery">Plastic Reconstructive Surgery</a> is a very general branch of surgery, with a panoply of subfields. All cosmetic procedures can be done by the plastic surgeon. This includes all procedural cosmetology, such as lasers, fillers, botox, peels, thread lifts, and hair transplants, which are also performed by <a href="https://www.amritahospitals.org/kochi/doctors/dermatology">dermatologists</a>. Additionally, plastic surgeons perform other procedures like rhinoplasty, body shaping, liposuction, facelifts, and gynecomastia surgery.</p><p>Cosmetics Surgery is just a small part of Plastic Surgery. The <a href="https://www.amritahospitals.org/kochi/doctors/plastic-reconstructive-surgery">Plastic Reconstructive Surgeon</a> is an irreplaceable member of every trauma team worth its salt. In fact, it might be the department doing the maximum number of procedures in any major trauma centre, with facial trauma, lacerations, replantations, microvascular surgery, hand surgery, extremity reconstruction, large wounds, skin grafts, and other procedures keeping them busy.</p><p>Plastic surgeons serve as hand surgeons for a variety of injuries and afflictions of the hand, in addition to orthopaedic surgeons. Cancer is another vast area. Head and Neck Cancers- the finer reconstructions often require microsurgery. Breast reconstruction including oncoplasty for breast cancer is common. Burns alone is a very large and challenging area. Diabetic foot surgery, peripheral and extremity tumours and major vessels surgery are some of those areas that many plastic surgeons routinely do, though other specialities overlap on these.</p><p>The field is extensive, covering lymphoedema, vascular malformations, congenital lesions, cleft lip and palate, brachial plexus injuries, and many others. The list goes on, underscoring the vastness of this field.</p>

The Comprehensive Scope of Plastic Reconstructive Surgery

<p>It is an umbrella term used to describe diseases that affect the airways and the lungs. On a typical day, you breathe nearly 25,000 times. Lung disease affects your ability to breathe and the ability of the lungs to work well.&nbsp;</p><p>Tobacco smoke, air pollution, occupational chemicals, dust, childhood respiratory infections, genetic and other environmental factors cause lung diseases. While some lung diseases are caused by bacterial, viral, or fungal infections, other lung diseases are connected with environmental factors.&nbsp;</p><p>Asthma, chronic bronchitis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder (COPD), emphysema, acute bronchitis, cystic fibrosis, lung cancer, sleep apnea, infections like influenza, pneumonia, and tuberculosis are some diseases that affect the airways and lungs. Certain lung diseases can lead to respiratory failure.</p><p><em>The Lancet</em> states that close to 545 million people worldwide had a chronic respiratory disease in 2017, an increase of 39·8% since 1990. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma have been identified as the most prevalent chronic respiratory diseases. These diseases accounted for 3·9 million deaths in 2017.</p><p>Chronic respiratory diseases are not curable. Treatments can help open blocked air passages, improve shortness of breath and help control symptoms, thus improving the quality of life for people with the disease. &nbsp;</p><p><strong>Consult your doctor at Amrita Hospitals for a detailed medical examination and treatment.</strong></p>

Chronic Respiratory Diseases

<p>Are you frequently exposed to cigarette smoke, irritating gases, or particulate matter - dust, pollen, soot, smoke, and liquid droplets? Do you experience breathing difficulty, cough, mucus production, and wheezing? If the answers are yes, there is every chance of you being affected by COPD.</p><p>It is a lifelong issue in which the airways are blocked due to swelling and inflammation. It can cause irreversible damage to the lungs and worsen difficulty in breathing and obstruction of airways. Chronic bronchitis and emphysema or both are two other conditions that back COPD.</p><p><strong>Symptoms</strong>&nbsp;</p><ul><li>Breathlessness  &nbsp;</li><li>Constant cough&nbsp;</li><li>Excess production of mucus&nbsp;</li><li>Weariness</li><li>Wheezing</li><li>Worsening breathing difficulty&nbsp;</li><li>Shortness of breath while talking&nbsp;</li><li>Blue tint of lips and finger beds&nbsp;</li><li>Increased heartbeats</li></ul><p><strong>Causes and Reasons</strong>&nbsp;</p><p>Chronic bronchitis affects the lining of the airways that carry air to and from the air sacs or alveoli of the lungs. The condition is characterized by cough and mucus production. Emphysema occurs when the air sacs at the end of the smallest air passages of the lungs are damaged due to frequent exposure to smoke, irritating gases, or particulate matter.</p><p>Asthma symptoms can also be part of COPD. If you have a history of asthma, there is an increased risk of developing the condition. If you have COPD, you may also have a higher risk of severe COVID-19 symptoms. If you have advanced COPD, you might find it difficult to do chores like climbing the stairs or cooking.</p><p><strong>Treatment</strong>&nbsp;</p><p>COPD is a disease that worsens over time. It is treatable but not curable. With effective management of the condition, you can control symptoms and improve the quality of their life.</p><p><strong>Consult your doctor at Amrita Hospitals for a detailed medical examination and treatment. </strong></p>

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